constoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkõː.stoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkɔn.sto]

動詞

cōnstō (present infinitive cōnstāre, perfect active cōnstitī, supine cōnstātum); first conjugation, no passive

1. to stand together
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.28:

     In foro ac locis patentioribus [...] constiterunt

     They stood together in the marketplace and the more open places

2. to stand still; to remain the same; stand firm

   Synonyms: sistō, persistō, remaneō, maneō, stō, haereō

3. to agree, correspond, fit

   Synonyms: concordō, condīcō, conveniō, cōnsentiō, assentiō, concurrō, congruō, pangō

   Antonyms: dissentiō, dissideō, discordō, variō, abhorreō

   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 1.1.4:

     Fatēbor ingenuē: quod apud luxuriōsum sed dīligentem ēvenit, ratiō mihi cōnstat impēnsae.

     I will admit candidly: just as it happens with [anyone who is] self-indulgent but careful, the reckoning for me corresponds [with my] expenses.
     (Seneca writes with playful irony that his own use of time is a big expense tallied against the finite account that is his life.)

4. to be certain, decided, consistent

   Antonyms: errō, pendeō, dubitō, fluitō, vagor

5. (sometimes impersonal) to be established, well known, understood, clear
   • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.17.40:

     Quae cum constent, perspicuum debet esse animos, cum e corpore excesserint, sive illi sint animales, id est, spirabiles, sive ignei, sublime ferri.

     • Translation by Charles Duke Yonge

       it must evidently follow that souls, when once they have departed from the body, whether they are animal (by which term I mean capable of breathing) or of the nature of fire, must mount upward.

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 4.29:

     quod omnibus constabat hiemari in Gallia oportere

     It was clear to everyone that the army ought to winder in Gaul.

6. to consist, to be composed of
   • c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris:

     carrus plumbi constat ex triginta fotmallis

     The fother of lead is formed from thirty fotmals.

7. to cost (with ablative)

   Multō sanguine victōria nōbīs cōnstitit.

   The victory cost us much blood.

   Quantī cōnstat?

   How much does it cost?

Conjugation

派生した語

参照

• “consto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “consto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “consto”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am losing my eyesight and getting deaf: neque auribus neque oculis satis consto
    
  • to be composed of; to consist of: constare ex aliqua re
    
  • it is a recognised fact: inter omnes constat
    
  • I have not made up my mind: mihi non constat (with indirect question)
    
  • to contradict oneself, be inconsistent: a se dissidere or sibi non constare (of persons)
    
  • to compose oneself with difficulty: mente vix constare (Tusc. 4. 17. 39)
    
  • to be consistent: sibi constare, constantem esse
    
  • a thing costs much, little: aliquid magno, parvo stat, constat
    
  • a thing costs nothing: aliquid nihilo or gratis constat
    
  • the accounts balance: ratio alicuius rei constat (convenit, par est)