yamとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) enPR: yăm, IPA^(key): /jæm/
• 韻: -æm

語源 1

From Portuguese inhame and Spanish ñame, likely from Wolof ñàmbi (“cassava”) or a related word. The term was spelled yam as early as 1657. Doublet of name.

名詞

yam (複数形 yams)

1. Any climbing vine of the genus Dioscorea in the Eastern and Western hemispheres, usually cultivated.
2. The edible, starchy, tuberous root of that plant, a tropical staple food.
3. (US) A sweet potato; a tuber from the species Ipomoea batatas.
4. (Scotland) A potato.
5. (New Zealand) A oca; a tuber from the species Oxalis tuberosa.
6. (Malaysia, Singapore) Taro.
7. An orange-brown colour, like the flesh of the yam. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

   yam:  

使用する際の注意点

Careful use distinguishes yams (genus Dioscorea) from sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), while casual American use conflates these.

派生語

• aerial yam, air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera)
• betel yam (Dioscorea oppositifolia)
• bitter yam (Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea dumetorum)
• cheeky yam (Dioscorea bulbifera)
• Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya, Dioscorea oppositifolia)
• common yam (Dioscorea batatas)
• cush-cush yam (Dioscorea trifida)
• elephant yam (Amorphophallus konjac)
• fiveleaf yam (Dioscorea pentaphylla)
• Foochow yam (Dioscorea septemloba)
• fourleaf yam (Dioscorea villosa)
• greater yam (Dioscorea alata)
• Indian yam (Dioscorea trifida)
• Indian three-leaf yam (Dioscorea hispida)
• intoxicating yam (Dioscorea hispida)
• Japanese mountain yam (Dioscorea japonica)
• Japanese yam (Dioscorea japonica)
• lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta)
• Mexican yam (Dioscorea mexicana)
• mountain yam (Dioscorea japonica, Dioscorea tokoro, etc.)
• New Zealand yam (Oxalis tuberosa)
• parsnip yam (Dioscorea bulbifera)
• potato yam (Dioscorea bulbifera)
• purple yam (Dioscorea alata)
• seven-lobed yam (Dioscorea septemloba)
• thorny yam (Dioscorea tomentosa)
• tropical yam (Dioscorea alata)
• true yam (Dioscorea spp.)
• water yam (Aponogeton spp.; Dioscorea alata)
• white yam (Dioscorea alata)
• wild yam
• winged yam (Dioscorea alata)
• yamless
• yamberry
• yampee (Dioscorea trifida)
• yellow yam (Dioscorea cayenensis. Dioscorea panthaica)

語源 2

Alternative form of hjem. Likely caused by influence from Old Norse heim (“home, homewards”), the accusative form of heimr (“abode, world, land”), from Proto-Germanic *haimaz. More at home.

名詞

yam (複数形 yams)

1. (regional, Cumberland) Home.

動詞

yam

1. Pronunciation spelling of am.
   • 1904, Carrie Hunt Latta, “The Last Day of Schol”, in The Reader Magazine‎^[1], volume IV, Indianopolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, page 291:

     “Stay, jailer, stay, and hear my woe,” repeating again and again, very softly, the line at the end of each stanza, “I am not mad, I am not mad.”
     Except she sang it:
     “I yam not mad, I yam not mad.”

語源 4

Ultimately from Fula nyaamude (“to eat”) or a cognate Fula-Wolof term.

動詞

yam (三人称単数 現在形 yams, 現在分詞 yamming, 過去形および過去分詞形 yammed)

1. (UK, nonstandard, slang) To eat.
   • 2016, Zadie Smith, Swing Time, Hamish Hamilton, page 78:

     “If I was that snake I’d just open my jaw and yam that fool up in one bite!”

語源 5

Apparently a variation of jam (“dunk”, verb).

動詞

yam (三人称単数 現在形 yams, 現在分詞 yamming, 過去形および過去分詞形 yammed)

2. (especially basketball) To dunk on; to beat humiliatingly.
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:yam.

アナグラム

• Amy, MYA, May, Mya, may, mya