fetusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• (英国用法) foetus
• (英国用法, まれに) fœtus
• (廃れた用法, erroneous) phoetus, phœtus
• (廃れた用法, erroneous) faetus, fætus

語源

Borrowed from Latin fētus (“offspring”). Doublet of fawn.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈfiːtəs/
• 韻: -iːtəs

名詞

fetus (plural fetuses or fetus or (hypercorrect) feti or (misconstructed) fetii)

1. (Australia, Canada, US) An unborn or unhatched vertebrate showing signs of the mature animal.
   • 1963, John W Choate, Henry A. Thiede, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Transcript, Volume 2

     Several feti were removed from every rats' uterus, stripped of their membranes and allowed to lie in the peritoneal cavity connected to the placenta by the umbilical cord and with the placenta still attached to the uterine wall.

2. (Australia, Canada, US) A human embryo after the eighth week of gestation.

   The sequence is: molecules in reproductive systems, then gametes, zygotes, morulas, blastocysts, and then fetuses.

3. (archaic) A neonate
   • 1959 [1689], John Locke, chapter 6, in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, vol. 2, New York, N.Y.: Dover Publications, Inc., page 77:

     The real essence of that or any other sort of substances, it is evident, we know not; and therefore are so undetermined in our nominal essences, which we make ourselves, that, if several men were to be asked concerning some oddly-shaped fœtus, as soon as born, whether it were a man or no, it is past doubt one should meet with different answers.

使用する際の注意点

• The form fetus is the primary spelling in the United States, Canada, Australia, and in the scientific community, whereas foetus is still commonly used in the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth nations.
• The nominative/accusative plural of fētus in Latin is fētūs with lengthened second vowel. The hypercorrect plurals feti and fetii are thus comparable to the hypercorrect plural octopi of octopus (the Ancient Greek 複数形 of octopus is octopodes).

派生語

• fetal
• fetus fetishist
• grandfetus
• multifetus

関連する語

• fetus in fetu
• fetus papyraceus

参考

• embryo

参照

• Health Online

アナグラム

• EF-Tus, UTFSE, fuets

Latin

別の表記

• foetus

語源

From Proto-Italic *fētos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)-, see also Sanskrit धयति (dhayati), Avestan ����������‎ (daēnu), Old Armenian դիեմ (diem), Lithuanian žįsti and Old Church Slavonic доити (doiti).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfeː.tus/, [ˈfeːt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfe.tus/, [ˈfɛːt̪us]

形容詞

fētus (feminine fēta, neuter fētum); first/second-declension adjective

1. pregnant, full of young
2. of one who has recently given birth, of one that has newly delivered; nursing
   • 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.177-178:

     dumque petit latebrās fētae catulōsque leaenae,
     ipse fuit Libycae praeda cruenta ferae

     And while he was seeking the hiding places and the cubs of a nursing lioness, he himself became the bloodstained prey of the Libyan wild [beast].
     (See Hyas.)

3. (figurative) fruitful, fertile, productive, teeming with, full of, big
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.237-238:

     “[...] Scandit fātālis māchina mūrōs / fēta armīs.”

     “The engine of our fate climbs the walls, teeming with armed warriors.”
     (The wooden horse entering Troy will soon “give birth” to the Greek soldiers hidden in its “womb.” See also: machina.)

4. youthful, young

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

• fēta

参照

• “fetus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

名詞

fētus m (genitive fētūs); fourth declension

1. A bearing, birth, bringing forth.
2. Offspring, young, progeny.
3. Fruit, produce.
4. (figurative) Growth, production.
5. (New Latin) A fetus.
   • 1842, Franciscus Arv[idus] Snellman, Dissertatio Academica Excerebrationis Fetus in Partu Legem Examinatura, Helsingforsiae: Ex officina typographica Frenckelliana, page 30:

     Postremo, comparatione inter excerebrationem fetus et sectionem caesaream ac partum praematurum artificialem facta, nobis apparuit, containdicatam esse excerebrationem: […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: fet, fetu
  • Romanian: făt
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian:

    Marche: fetu ⇒ fetone, fetaccia

  • >? Sicilian: fitu
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: fetu, etu; fedu ⇒ fedale, avedali
• Vulgar Latin: (see there for further descendants)
  • *fētiolum
  • *fētōnem
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: fetus
  • → English: fetus, foetus
  • → French: fœtus
  • → Galician: feto
  • → Italian: feto
  • → Occitan: fètus
  • → Portuguese: feto
  • → Spanish: feto
  • → Tunisian Arabic: فيتوس‎ (fitus)
  • → Turkish: fetüs

参照

• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “fetus”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 246

Further reading

• “fetus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fetus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• fetus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette