taurusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• tarvus, tarvos (archaic)

語源

From Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, which is probably from a non-IE substrate source. Since Latin does not show the metathesis of *-aur- > *-aru- found in terms such as parvum, it is possible that the term is a loanword and that the borrowing postdates the metathesis. However, Latin īnstaurō (< *steh₂u-ro-) perhaps also lacks the same metathesis, which could imply that the rule did have exceptions. This metathesis perhaps occurred in Celtic, where Proto-Indo-European *táwros produced Proto-Celtic *tarwos.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtau̯.rʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtaːu̯.rus]

名詞

taurus m (genitive taurī); second declension

1. a bull, steer
2. the constellation Taurus the bull
   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.717–718:

     vacca sit an taurus, nōn est cognōscere prōmptum:
     pars prior appāret, posteriōra latent.

     Whether it is a cow or a bull is not easy to know:
     the front part appears, the hindquarters lie hidden.
     (Although Ovid wryly observes that Taurus (constellation) depicts only the head, horns, and forequarters of this mythological animal, traditionally it was seen as a ‘‘taurus’’ and not a ‘‘vacca’’ charging in the sky.)

3. an instrument of torture, in the shape of a bull
4. a (dialectal, Gaul) small bird that sounds like the lowing of oxen, possibly the bittern
   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 10.116:

     est quae boum mugitus imitetur, in Arelatensi agro taurus appellata, alioquin parva est.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. a kind of beetle
6. (anatomy) the perineum

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

上位語

• bōs

派生語

派生した語

参考

• vacca

参照

• “taurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “taurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "taurus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “taurus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “taurus”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎
• “taurus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “taurus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• “toro” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN

アナグラム

• sutura