英和和英

語源

From Latin condēscēnsiō.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /kɑndiˈsɛnʃən/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɒndiˈsɛnʃən/
• 韻: -ɛnʃən
• ハイフネーション: con‧de‧scen‧sion

名詞

condescension (usually uncountable, plural condescensions)

1. The act of condescending; a manner of behaving in an outwardly polite way that nevertheless implies superiority to another; patronizing courtesy toward inferiors.

   Conscious condescension breeds panderers and enemies, not friends.

   • 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 27–28:

     Mrs. Howard's fête at Marble Hill more than realised all expectations. The very spring put itself forward to please her; or, rather borrowed a day from summer. The king and queen were in the last extremities of royal condescension. It was enough to make domestic felicity the fashion from one end of the British empire to the other, just to see the august couple walking arm in arm through the gardens;...

   • 1886 January 5, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Henry Jekyll’s Full Statement of the Case”, in Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, pages 130–131:

     There comes an end to all things; the most capacious measure is filled at last; and this brief condescension to my evil finally destroyed the balance of my soul. And yet I was not alarmed; the fall seemed natural, like a return to the old days before I had made my discovery.

   • 1911, Robert Ames Bennet, Out of the Primitive:

     "Unfortunate situation," she replied, making an effort to moderate her superciliousness to mere condescension."

   • 1912, Joseph Crosby Lincoln, The Depot Master:

     "Huh?" he said. "Pardon me, my dear sir," repeated the Major, blandly, smoothly, and with an air of – well, not condescension, but gracious familiarity.

   • 1912, Joseph Crosby Lincoln, The Depot Master:

     The shofer opens the door of the after cockpit of the machine, and the man gets out fust, treadin' gingerly but grand, as if he was doin' the ground a condescension by steppin' on it.

   • 1914, George Washington Cable, The Amateur Garden:

     We believe our Northampton garden competition tends to do this. It brings together in neighborly fellowship those whom the discrepancies of social accomplishments would forever hold asunder and it brings them together without forced equality or awkward condescension […]

   • 1917, Abraham Cahan, The Rise of David Levinsky:

     He addressed me as Dave. (There was a note of condescension as well as of admiration in this "Dave" of his. It implied that I was a shrewd fellow and an excellent customer, singularly successful and reliable, but that I was his inferior, all the same – a Jew, a social pariah.)

   • 1919 May, William Stearns Davis, “The Roots of War”, in Century, pages 110–23:

     The Berlin rulers did indeed make a serious attempt to conciliate local opinion by sending down for once a really humane and enlightened governor, Baron von Manteuffel. Manteuffel won the personal good will of the people he was sent to govern, but his very condescension raised against him enemies at home.

   • 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 2, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:

     Mother very rightly resented the slightest hint of condescension. She considered that the exclusiveness of Peter's circle was due not to its distinction, but to the fact that it was an inner Babylon of prodigality and whoredom, […] .

   • 1963, Morris West, The Shoes of the Fisherman:

     How can I tell them that they must never expect too much from a middle-aged fellow in striped cotton pajamas? But tonight is different. There is a whole concourse of Romans and of tourists in the Piazza, and it would be a courtesy – excuse me, Holiness, a great condescension! – to appear with one small blessing.... I condescend, and I am exalted once again on wave after wave of cheering and horn-blowing

2. (usually uncountable, derogatory) A patronizing attitude or behavior. [from 1930s]
   • 1935, George Cronyn, Fortune and Men's Eyes:

     He's a snob of the first water and views the lower orders with infinite condescension.

   • 1937, Percy Marks, And Points Beyond:

     Tommy rarely entered the top social stratum where Tyckman moved by right of wealth and ancestry, but he had found the man pleasant and without condescension.

   • 1941, Stephen Vincent Benet, The Devil and Daniel Webster:

     Jabez rides through the fields on his sleek new horse, watching his neighbors harvest his crops. He shows a certain condescension toward them which is akin to arrogance.

   • 1954, Chester Himes, Third Generation:

     He was self-conscious about the brace and wore a jacket even on the hottest days. It held him abnormally erect. His face was tight from the discomfort and frustration. His posture was mistaken for a sign of arrogance, his expression for disdain and condescension.

   • 1984, I.C. Jarvie, Rationality and Relativism:

     What if the signals are confused and both the doctrines of respect for and condescension towards other moralities is preached?

   • 1989, William A. Henry III, “A Zany Redheaded Everywoman”, in Time, number 1989/12/08:

     The greatest indignity of all, it generally turned out, was the chuckling condescension of her husband Ricky, played by her real-life husband and business partner Desi Arnaz. The confident king of the castle, he was always ready to teach Lucy a lesson.

   • 1996 April 28, Jon Pareles, “POP VIEW; Can Rock Play to the Broadway Crowd?”, in New York Times:

     But Broadway's longtime condescension to rock musicians meant that a generation or two of potential theater composers took its talents elsewhere.

   • 1999 June 28, Paul Quinn-Judge, “Yeltsin's Fast-Break Generals”, in Time:

     Yeltsin, meanwhile, was smarting at what he felt was Bill Clinton's condescension toward him.

   • 2000, Paul Taylor, “TV's Political Profits”, in Mother Jones, volume 25, number 3, page 31:

     CBS Morning News anchor Bryant Gumbel indulged in a bout of on-air condescension about the campaign. "I stumbled upon Saturday's debate," he told viewers, "and it seemed a rather sad show."

   • 2009 June 29, Nancy Gibbs, “Dads Are Dudes”, in Time, volume 173, number 25, page 56:

     We talk about fathers like puppies tripping over their big paws, a portrait long mirrored in a culture in which Father Knows Least, from Fred Flintstone to Homer Simpson. We diminish with faint praise; dads still get points for returning children at the end of the day with all their limbs in place. But the more engaged fathers become, the more women have to reckon with what a true parenting partnership would look like. Maternal condescension only really took hold in the modern age, when we turned parenting into a profession with its own implicit peer-review boards and competitive frenzy.

3. (archaic, non-derogatory) Courtesy, affability of a superior towards an inferior.

使用する際の注意点

• An already archaic usage that was listed first in dictionaries at the beginning of the 20th century was as a neutral or positive description of friendly socialization with one’s social inferiors. Now that the concept of social inferiority has largely fallen out of currency, so has this non-negative usage. Thus, in Pride and Prejudice, one character can say of another, "I need not say you will be delighted with her. She is all affability and condescension.”

同意語

• (the act of condescending): condescendence

派生語

関連する語

• condescend
• condescending (adjective)

Further reading

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “condescension”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “condescension”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.