Excommunicateとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Ecclesiastical Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“excommunicate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). By surface analysis, ex- +‎ communicate.

動詞

excommunicate (third-person singular simple present excommunicates, present participle excommunicating, simple past and past participle excommunicated)

1. (transitive) To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXXVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 294:

     “Perhaps it is because I have been excommunicated. It’s absurd, but I feel like the Jackdaw of Rheims.” ¶ She winced and bowed her head. Each time that he spoke flippantly of the Church he caused her pain.

   • 2026 July 2, Angela Giuffrida, “Vatican excommunicates all members of ultra-conservative rebel group SSPX”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     The Vatican has excommunicated a rebel group of ultra-conservative Catholics who defied Pope Leo by ordaining bishops without his consent, creating a schism in the Roman Catholic church. […] “The Vatican hopes that by being harsh on the bishops, the priests and faithful, maybe some of them will repent and turn back to mother church. Because it’s not nice to be excommunicated.”

2. (transitive, historical or figurative) To exclude from any other group; to banish.
   • 1982 December 18, Pat Califa, “Open Policy”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 22, page 5:

     Samois includes celebate , heterosexual and bisexual women as well as lesbians, and I feel very strongly that this is the wisest choice. Our community is so fragile that we can't afford to fragment it by excommunicating non-lesbian women.

   • 1987, InfoWorld, volume 9, number 37, page 46:

     Although our Macs served us well, in those early, dark years Macintosh users were effectively excommunicated by the computer establishment.

同意語

• disfellowship
• takfir

派生語

関連する語

• excommunication

語源 2

From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). See -ate (adjective-forming suffix) for more. Displaced native 古期英語 āmǣnsumian.

形容詞

excommunicate (not comparable)

1. (archaic) Excommunicated.
   • 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, John ix:[22], folio cxxxiiij, verso:

     […] the iewes had conſpyred allredy that yff eny man did confeſſe that he was Chriſt / he ſhulde be excommunicat out of the Sinagoge.

   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 9, column 2:

     Thou ſhalt ſtand curſt, and excommunicate […]

語源 3

From a substantivation of the above adjective. See -ate (noun-forming suffix) for more.

名詞

excommunicate (plural excommunicates)

1. An excommunicated person.

   Synonyms: excommunicant, excommunicatee