houndとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English hound, from 古期英語 hund, from Proto-West Germanic *hund, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz. Cognate with West Frisian hûn, Dutch hond, Luxembourgish Hond, German Hund, German Low German Hund, Danish hund, Faroese hundur, Icelandic hundur, Norwegian Bokmål hund, Norwegian Nynorsk hund, and Swedish hund, from pre-Germanic *ḱuntós (compare Latvian sùnt-ene (“big dog”), enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”) (compare Welsh cwn (“dogs”), Tocharian B ku, Lithuanian šuõ, Armenian շուն (šun), Russian сука (suka)). Doublet of canine.

名詞

hound (複数形 hounds)

1. A dog, particularly a breed with a good sense of smell developed for hunting other animals.
2. Any canine animal.
3. (by extension) Someone who seeks something.
   • 1996, Marc Parent, Turning Stones, Harcourt Brace & Company, →ISBN, page 93:

     On the way out of the building I was asked for my autograph. If I'd known who the signature hound thought I was, I would've signed appropriately.

   • 2004, Jodi Picoult, My Sister's Keeper, Simon & Schuster,, →ISBN, page 483:

     I still do not know if he's taken on this case because he's a glory hound, because he wants the PR, or if he simply wanted to help Anna.

4. (by extension) A male who constantly seeks the company of desirable women.
   • 1915, Norman Duncan, "A Certain Recipient", in Harper's, volume 122, number 787, December 1915, republished in Harper's Monthly Magazine, volume 122, December 1915 to May 1916, page 108,

     "Are you alone, Goodson? […] I thought, perhaps, that the […] young woman, Goodson, who supplanted Mary?" […]

     "She had a good many successors, John."

     "You are such a hound, in that respect, Goodson," said Claywell, "and you have always been such a hound, that it astounds me to find you—unaccompanied."

5. A despicable person.
   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene vi]:

     Boy! false hound!

   • 1973, Elizabeth Walter, Come and Get Me and Other Uncanny Invitations

     'You blackmailing hound,' the parrot said distinctly, in what Hodges recognized as General Derby's voice. Anstruther turned pale.

6. A houndfish.

使用する際の注意点

• In more recent times, hound has been replaced by Modern English dog but the sense remains the same.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English hounden, from the noun (see above).

動詞

hound (三人称単数 現在形 hounds, 現在分詞 hounding, 過去形および過去分詞形 hounded)

1. (transitive) To persistently harass.

   He hounded me for weeks, but I was simply unable to pay back his loan.

   • 2019 April 11, Marcel Theroux, “Machines Like Me by Ian McEwan review – intelligent mischief”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

     More pertinently for the plot, another marked difference from history is that the United Kingdom of this 1982 is precociously computerised. Instead of having been hounded to death for his homosexuality, the scientist Alan Turing is thriving and lauded.

2. (transitive) To urge on against; to set (dogs) upon in hunting.
   • 1897, Andrew Lang, The Book of Dreams and Ghosts (page 162)

     We both thought we saw what had the appearance to be a fox, and hounded the dogs at it, but they would not pursue it.

語源 3

From Middle English hownde, hount, houn, probably from Old Norse húnn, from Proto-Germanic *hūnaz.

別の表記

• hune

名詞

hound (複数形 hounds)

1. (nautical, in the plural) Projections at the masthead or foremast, serving as a support for the trestletrees and top to rest on; foretop
2. A side bar used to strengthen portions of the running gear of a vehicle.

アナグラム

• Duhon, Hudon, hundo, no duh