traitorとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English traitor, traitour, traytour, from Old French traïtor (French traître), from Latin trāditor. Displaced native 古期英語 lǣwa.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈtɹeɪtə(ɹ)/
• (米国発音) enPR: trā′tər, IPA^(key): /ˈtɹeɪtɚ/, [ˈtʰɹeɪɾɚ]
• Homophone: trader (in dialects with flapping)
  • 韻: -eɪtə(ɹ)

名詞

traitor (複数形 traitors)

1. Someone who violates an allegiance and betrays their country; someone guilty of treason; one who, in breach of trust, delivers their country to an enemy, or yields up any fort or place entrusted to their defense, or surrenders an army or body of troops to the enemy, unless when vanquished.
   • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedie of King Richard the Second. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Simmes for Androw Wise, […], published 1597, OCLC 213833262, [Act IV, scene i]:

     My Lord of Hereford here whom you call King, / Is a foule traitour to proud Herefords King, / And if you crowne him let me propheſie, / The bloud of Engliſh ſhall manure the ground, / And future ages groane for this foule act, [...]

   • 2017 October 8, “Confederacy”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver‎^[1], season 4, episode 26, HBO, 14:45 from the start:

     Yes, that was Vice President Spiro Agnew commemorating the "loyalty" of literal traitors. But what can you really expect from a man whose name rearranged spells "grow a penis."

2. Someone who takes arms and levies war against their country; or one who aids an enemy in conquering their country.
3. (by extension) One who betrays any confidence or trust.
   • 2021, Olivia Rodrigo and Dan Nigro (lyrics かつ music), “Traitor”, in Sour‎^[2], performed by Olivia Rodrigo:

     It took you two weeks
     To go off and date her
     Guess you didn't cheat
     But you're still, you're still a traitor
     Yeah, you're still a traitor

同意語

• (all senses): Benedict Arnold (米国用法), Quisling, Judas
• (one who betrays a trust): betrayer, fink, snake, snake in the grass

下位語

• race traitor; see also Thesaurus:informant

動詞

traitor (三人称単数 現在形 traitors, 現在分詞 traitoring, 過去形および過去分詞形 traitored)

1. To act the traitor toward; to betray; to deceive.

形容詞

traitor (comparative more traitor, superlative most traitor)

1. Traitorous.
   • 1735, Alexander Pope, “The Second Satire of Dr. John Donne”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume II, London: […] J. Wright, for Lawton Gilliver […], OCLC 43265629:

     to find a subject staid and wise
     Already half turn'd traitor by surprise