英和和英

別の表記

• Arabic numerals: 7 (see for numerical forms in other scripts)
• Roman numerals: VII
• sev'n

語源

From 中期英語 seven, from 古期英語 seofon (“seven”), from Proto-West Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥ (“seven”).

Cognate with Scots seiven (“seven”), West Frisian sân (“seven”), Saterland Frisian soogen (“seven”), Low German söven (“seven”), Dutch zeven (“seven”), German sieben (“seven”), Danish syv (“seven”), Norwegian sju (“seven”), Icelandic sjö (“seven”), Latin septem (“seven”), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”), Russian семь (semʹ), Sanskrit सप्त (saptá).

発音

• IPA: /ˈsɛvən/, /ˈsɛvn̩/
• (casually also) IPA: [ˈsɛbm̩]
• Homophone: Severn (one non-rhotic pronunciation)
• 韻: -ɛvən
• ハイフネーション: se‧ven

数詞

seven

1. A numerical value equal to 7; the number following six and preceding eight. This many dots: (•••••••). Describing a group or set with seven elements.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joshua 6:1–5:

     1 Now Iericho was straitly shut vp, because of the children of Israel: none went out, & none came in.
     2 And the Lord said vnto Ioshua, See, I haue giuen into thine hand Iericho, and the King thereof, and the mighty men of valour.
     3 And ye shall compasse the city, all yee men of warre, and goe round about the city once: thus shalt thou doe sixe dayes.
     4 And seuen Priests shall beare before the Arke seuen trumpets of rams hornes: and the seuenth day yee shall compasse the city seuen times, and the Priests shall blow with the trumpets.
     5 And it shall come to passe that when they make a long blast with the rammes-horne, and when ye heare the sound of the trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout: and the wall of the citie shall fall downe flat, and the people shall ascend vp euery man straight before him.

   • 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 175:

     The cabbalism of the number seven is emphasized, for in hell seven judges at each of seven gates take one of these divine laws away from her.

   • 2024 December 23, “Cancer survivor makes hampers for young patients”, in BBC‎:

     The seven hampers for four boys and three girls were personalised to each patient, including overnight hotel stays, colouring books and self care items.

使用する際の注意点

Like other numerals, sometimes used postpositively in Late Middle English and Early Modern English, for exampleː

• Son & moyne set in the heuen,
  Witħ starnes, & the planettys seuen,
  [...]   (The Creation in The Towneley Plays, ll. 50–51)

派生語

• four score and seven years ago

関連する語

• seventh

参考

• Table of cardinal numbers 0 to 9 in various languages

名詞

seven (countable and uncountable, plural sevens)

1. The digit/figure 7 or an occurrence thereof.

   He wrote three sevens on the paper.

2. (countable, card games) A card bearing seven pips.
3. (slang) The soft drink 7 Up.

   a whisky and seven

派生語

参考

アナグラム

• Evens, Neves, eevns, evens, neves, névés

語源 1

Inherited from 古期英語 seofon, from Proto-West Germanic *sebun, from Proto-Germanic *sebun, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

The frequent lack of open-syllable lengthening is presumably due to levelling from postpositive sevene and the ordinal seventhe.

別の表記

• ceven, seofen, seoven, sevene, sevyn, sewyn
• zeven (Kent)

発音

• IPA: /ˈsɛvən/, (especially Northern) /ˈsɛ̞ːvən/
• IPA: /ˈsœvən/ (Early Middle English, Southern or Southwest Midland)

数詞

seven (postpositive sevene, preconsonantal (especially Southern or West Midland) seve)

1. seven
   • c. 1225, Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402)‎, Ludlow, Shropshire, published c. 1235, folio 53, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, January 2018:

     Þe neddꝛe of attrı onde haueð ſeoue hƿelpeſ. Ingratıtudo. þıſ cundel bꝛet hwa ſe nıſ ıcnaƿen goddede. ah teleð lutel þrof. oþer foꝛȝet mıd alle.

     The snake of poisonous envy has seven children. Ingratitude: this child is nurtured by whoever hasn't acknowledged benefits and hardly thinks about or [even] entirely forgets [them].

   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Apocalips 17:9, folio 123, recto, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     ⁊ þis is þe wit who þat haþ wiſdom / þe ſeuene heedis ben ſeuene hillis .· on which þe womman ſittiþ

     And the mind that has wisdom thinks: "The seven heads are the seven hills that the woman sits on […]

派生語

• on sixe and sevene

関連する語

派生した語

• English: seven

  Northumbrian: siven

  Ottawa Valley: sen

• Middle Scots: sevin, sewin
  • Scots: seiven, seeven
• Yola: zeven

参照

• “sē̆ven, num.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

名詞

seven

1. alternative form of sweven