英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 scateren, skateren, also schateren,

• probably a variant of shatter, which is imitative;
• or from 古期英語 *sceaterian, probably akin to a dialect of Old Norse, possibly ultimately related to Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split, shatter”).

Compare Middle Dutch scheteren (“to scatter”), Low German schateren, Dutch schateren (“to burst out laughing”); and is apparently remotely akin to Ancient Greek σκεδάννυμι (skedánnumi, “scatter, disperse”). and Tocharian B kät- (“to scatter, sow seeds”). Doublet of shatter.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈskætə/
• (General American) enPR: skătʹər, IPA: /ˈskætɚ/
• (Ireland) IPA: /ˈskæt̞ɚ/
  • (Dublin) IPA: /ˈskæʔɐ/, /ˈskæhɐ/, /ˈskæʔɚ/, /ˈskæhɚ/
• 韻: -ætə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: scat‧ter

動詞

scatter (third-person singular simple present scatters, present participle scattering, simple past and past participle scattered)

1. (ergative) To (cause to) separate and go in different directions; to disperse.

   The crowd scattered in terror.

   • c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

     Scatter and disperse the giddy Goths.

2. (transitive) To distribute loosely as by sprinkling.

   Her ashes were scattered at the top of a waterfall.

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains, / Their scattered cottages, and ample plains?

3. (transitive, physics) To deflect (radiation or particles).
   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Chasca planetary description:

     Chasca's ring is unique. It appears to be, for lack of a better term, a massive piece of alien "installation art." The rings are made of small pieces of synthetic material, and are almost invisible from space. From the ground, they catch and scatter the light of Matano in picturesque ways. It is not known who created the ring or when.

4. (intransitive) To occur or fall at widely spaced intervals.
5. (transitive) To frustrate, disappoint, and overthrow.

   to scatter hopes or plans

6. (transitive) To be dispersed upon.

   Desiccated stalks scattered the fields.

   • 2016, J. D. Vance, Hillbilly Elegy, page 21:

     […] its beauty is obscured by the environmental waste and loose trash that scatter the countryside.

7. (transitive, baseball) Of a pitcher: to keep down the number of hits or walks.
8. (slang, US) To leave.

   When the police showed up, I scattered.

同意語

• (disperse): See also Thesaurus:disperse

派生語

名詞

scatter (countable and uncountable, plural scatters)

1. The act of scattering or dispersing.
2. A collection of dispersed objects.
   • 2006, Theano S. Terkenli, Anne-Marie d'Hauteserre, Landscapes of a New Cultural Economy of Space, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 84:

     The Los Angeles Basin evolved as a mobility surface principally through the combination of an initial system of electric railways connecting a scatter of agricultural settlement settlements.

   • 2007, David W. Anthony, The Horse, the Wheel, and Language, Princeton: Princeton University Press, page 498:

     A broad scatter of kurgan graves in the steppes contained imported Tripolye C2 pots (among other imported pot types) and a few, like Serezlievka, also contained Tripolye-like schematic rod-headed figurines.

   • 2015, Ian Shennan, Antony J. Long, Benjamin P. Horton, Handbook of Sea-Level Research, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 19:

     The plot of all our sea-level index points shows a scatter of data points that do not overlap […]

参照

Further reading

• “scatter”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “scatter”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “scatter”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• tracest