donumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

参考

• regium donum (etymologically unrelated)

語源

Inherited from Archaic Latin dōnom, from Proto-Italic *dōnom, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom, from *deh₃-. Cognate to Sanskrit दान (dā́na).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈdoː.nũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈdɔː.num]

名詞

dōnum n (genitive dōnī); second declension

1. gift, present

   Synonyms: datum, pretium, praemium, datiō

   Dōnum sanguinis – dōnum vītae

   Donation of blood – a gift of life

   • from the Aeneid (II, 49) by Virgil

     Equo ne credite, Teucri! Quidquid id est, timeo Danaos et dona ferentes.

     Do not trust the horse, Trojans! Whatever it is, I fear the Danaans even if they are bearing gifts.

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.377–378:

     flōreat ut tōtō carmen Nāsōnis in aevō,
     sparge, precor, dōnīs pectora nostra tuīs.

     So that the song of Naso may flourish in every age,
     sprinkle, I pray, our hearts with your gifts!
     (Just as Flora (mythology) blooms eternal, Ovid asks the goddess to ensure that his poetry delights his readers – “our hearts” – forever.)

2. offering, sacrifice

   Synonym: oblātiō

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

関連する語

• dō
• dōnātiō
• dōnātīvum
• dōnō

派生した語

• Italian: dono
• Occitano-Romance
  • Catalan: do
  • Occitan: don
• Old French: don, dun
  • French: don
  • → Middle English: done
• West Iberian
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: don, dõo
    • Galician: doa
    • Portuguese: dom
• Spanish: don

参照

Further reading

• “donum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “donum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "donum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “donum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • prerogative, privilege: ius praecipuum, beneficium, donum, also immunitas c. Gen.