mausoleumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Mausoleon, Mausoleion

語源

Borrowed from Latin Mausōlēum, from Ancient Greek Μαυσωλεῖον (Mausōleîon), from Μαύσωλος (Maúsōlos, “Mausolus”) +‎ -εῖον (-eîon, noun-forming suffix meaning “place or building associated with a specific purpose or person”).

By surface analysis, Mausolus +‎ -eum.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˌmɔː.zəˈliː.əm/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˌmɔ.səˈli.əm/, enPR: mô'sə-lē'əm, IPA: /-.zəˈ-/, (cot–caught merger) /ˌmɑ.-/

固有名詞

the Mausoleum

1. The grand tomb built around 353–351 BCE at Halicarnassus for Mausolus, a ruler of Caria and satrap of the Achaemenid Empire; one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
   • 1872, William Smith, “Phileus”, in A Classical Dictionary of Biography, Mythology, and Geography, London, page 559:

     Phileus, an eminent Ionian architect, built the Mausoleum, in conjunction with Satyrus, and the temple of Athena Polias, at Priene. The date of the erection of the Mausoleum was soon after B.C. 353, the year in which Mausolus died; that of the temple at Priene must have been about 20 years later.

   • 2007, Edmund Thomas, Monumentality and the Roman Empire: Architecture in the Antonine Age, page 180:

     Because of its status as a wonder of the world, the Mausoleum was admired by Vitruvius and Strabo and described with measurements by the elder Pliny.

   • 2013, Distributed Objects: Meaning and Mattering after Alfred Gell, page 79:

     Even when painted, marble retains its capacity to absorb and retransmit light, so that the sculptures of a monument like the Mausoleum would have been characterized by a kind of living glow even in their polychromy. The use of marble quite literally lent an added lustre to the deeds of Mausolus and his ancestors which it celebrated.

関連する語

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [mau̯.soːˈɫeː.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [mau̯.soˈlɛː.um]

固有名詞

Mausōlēum n sg (genitive Mausōlēī); second declension

1. Mausoleum (the grand tomb built around 353–351 BCE at Halicarnassus for Mausolus, a ruler of Caria and satrap of the Achaemenid Empire; one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World)

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter), singular only.

派生した語

• → English: Mausoleum
• Middle French: Mausolee
  • French: Mausolée

名詞

Mausōlēum n sg (genitive Mausōlēī); second declension

1. mausoleum
   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martialis, Epigrammata 5.64:

     Tam vicina iubent nos vivere Mausolea, cum doceant, ipsos posse perire deos.

     The mausoleums, close at hand, bid us live, for they teach us that even gods can die.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生した語

• Italian: mausoleo
• Middle French: mausolee
  • French: mausolée
    • → Turkish: mozole

参照

• “Mausōlēum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Mausōlēum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 956.