supero-とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsʊ.pɛ.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsuː.pe.ro]

動詞

superō (present infinitive superāre, perfect active superāvī, supine superātum); first conjugation

1. to surmount, rise over, rise above, go over, ascend, overtop, mount
   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 1.: 317:

     superantque cacūmina nūbēs.

     and the peaks rise above the clouds.

2. to go over, pass over, surpass, exceed, traverse

   Synonyms: praetereō, trānsgredior, trānseō, praeferō, trānsmittō, peragō, intrō

3. to be superior, surpass, exceed, excel, outdo, outstrip, be in excess, have the upper hand

   Synonyms: praepolleō, praestō, exsuperō

   • Aulus Hirtus, De Bello Gallico 8.0.4:

     Constat enim inter omnes nihil tam operose ab aliis esse perfectum, quod non horum elegantia commentariorum superetur

     It is agreed amongst all that there are no works created by others with such great care that are not exceeded in elegance by the these commentaries

4. to be abundant, overflow
5. to overcome, overpower, conquer, subdue

   Synonyms: subigō, subiciō, dēvincō, vincō, pācō, conquestō, expugnō, domō, prōflīgō, ēvincō, caedō, obruō, exsuperō, pellō, opprimō, premō, fundō

6. to remain; to be left, left over, or left alone; to survive; to be safe, to be spared
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.596–598:

     “‘Nōn prius aspiciēs ubi fessum aetāte parentem
     līqueris Anchīsēn; superet coniūnxne Creūsā,
     Ascaniusque puer?’”

     “‘First, why don't you see where you left your father, Anchises, weary with age? Does [your wife,] Creüsa, survive? And the child, Ascanius?’”
     (Venus reminds Aeneas to return to his own family.)

Conjugation

At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “supero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “supero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “supero”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to cross the Alps, Pyrenees, Apennines: superare Alpes, Pyrenaeum, Apenninum (both always in the sing.)
    
  • the water is up to, is above, the chest: aqua pectus aequat, superat
    
  • to double a cape: promunturium superare
    
  • to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
    
  • to double an island, cape: superare insulam, promunturium
    
  • (ambiguous) heavenly things; earthly things: supera et caelestia; humana et citerioria