英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 closure, from Old French closure, from Late Latin clausura, from Latin claudere (“to close”); see clausure and cloture (etymological doublets) and close.

発音

• enPR: klō'zhər
  • (英国発音) IPA: /ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/
  • (米国発音) IPA: /ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/
  • (General Australian) IPA: /ˈkləʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/
• 韻: (英国発音) -əʊʒə(ɹ)

名詞

closure (countable and uncountable, plural closures)

1. An event or occurrence that signifies an ending.
2. (figurative) A feeling of completeness; the experience of an emotional conclusion, usually to a difficult period.

   to find emotional closure

   Antonym: uncertainty

   • 2024, “Crowded Roomz”, in Silence is Loud, performed by Nia Archives:

     In crowded rooms, and I keep lookin' for closeness / Maybe I'll never get closure

   • 2025 March 14, Gershom Gorenberg, “Netanyahu Doesn’t Want the Truth to Come Out”, in The Atlantic‎:

     In Israel, a state commission of inquiry is not merely a judicial instrument or a means of settling facts. It’s a ritual of national closure that allows people to put events in order and move on.

3. A device to facilitate temporary and repeatable opening and closing.

   Hyponyms: clasp, hasp, latch, hook and eye

4. (programming) An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope.

   Hyponyms: function closure, lexical closure

   Troponym: thunk

   • 2021, Luis Atencio, The Joy of JavaScript, New York: Manning Publications, →ISBN, page 82:

     Instead, make f and g input arguments, and use the closure around the inner function so that this code works with any two functions that you provide. Closures are important features that work amazingly well with higher-order functions; I’ll review them in section 4.4.

5. (mathematics) The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property.
6. (topology, of a set) The smallest closed set which contains the given set.
   • 1955 [Van Nostrand Reinhold], John L. Kelley, General Topology, 2017, Dover, page 42,

     The closure ( ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {T}}}$-closure) of a subset A of a topological space ${\displaystyle (X,{\mathfrak {T}})}$ is the intersection of the members of the family of all closed sets containing A. […]

     7 THEOREM The closure of any set is the union of the set and the set of its accumulation points.

7. The act of shutting; a closing.

   the closure of a door, or of a chink

8. The act of shutting or closing something permanently or temporarily.

   The closure of Hammersmith Bridge means road traffic has to use Chiswick and Putney Bridges instead.

   • 1960 December, B. Perren, “The role of the Great Central—present and future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 765:

     Those who have advocated the closure of the G.C. have so far failed to say by which alternative route this North-to-West traffic could be carried.

   • 2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 48:

     Despite the line proving to be a useful strategic route for men and supplies to the British naval fleets stationed at Scapa Flow in both world wars, the Duke's legacy looked to have passed into history when it was listed for closure in the infamous Beeching report.

   • 2025 April 13, Joe Hinchliffe, “Sudden closure of Story Bridge to cyclists shows ‘car is still king in Brisbane’”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     Schrinner has since said the closures are needed to assess storm damage and to build the case for a major bridge restoration.

9. That which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed.

   Synonym: fastener

   • 1729 November 28, Alexander Pope, Letter to Jonathan Swift, 1824, The Works of Jonathan Swift: Containing Additional Letters, Volume 17, 2nd Edition, page 284,

     I admire on this consideration your sending your last to me quite open, without a seal, wafer, or any closure whatever, manifesting the utter openness of the writer.

10. (obsolete) That which encloses or confines; an enclosure.
    • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:

      O thou bloody prison […] / Within the guilty closure of thy walls / Richard the Second here was hacked to death.

11. (politics) A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body.
12. (sociology) The phenomenon by which a group maintains its resources by the exclusion of others based on various criteria.
13. (comics) The process whereby the reader of a comic book infers the sequence of events by looking at the picture panels.
    • 2009, Randy Duncan, Matthew J. Smith, The Power of Comics: History, Form and Culture, page 166:

      The comic book reader performs closure within each panel, between panels, and among panels.

14. (food packaging industry) The element of packaging that closes a container.

    Hyponyms: bottlecap, bottle cap, bottletop, bottle top, cap, lid, top

派生語

参考

• cloture

動詞

closure (third-person singular simple present closures, present participle closuring, simple past and past participle closured)

1. (transitive, politics) To end the parliamentary debate on (an issue) by closure.
   • 1893, The New Review, volume 9, page 119:

     At any time they could have stopped discussion by closuring amendments and by closuring the clause under discussion.

アナグラム

• Clouser, colures