英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA: /kɜː/
• (General American) IPA: /kɝ/
• (Scotland) IPA: /kʌr/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /køː/
• (Liverpool, fair–fur merger) IPA: /keː/
• (Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger) IPA: /kɛː/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)
• 異形同音異義語: Kerr (fern–fir–fur merger), care (fair–fur merger)

名詞

cur (plural curs)

1. (dated or humorous) A contemptible or inferior dog.
   • c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.:

     A fals double tunge is more fiers and fell
     Then Cerberus the cur couching in the kenel of hel;
     Wherof hereafter, I thinke for to write,
     Of fals double tunges in the diſpite.

   • 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

     you have many enemies, that know not why they are so, but, like to village-curs, bark when their fellows do.

   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Æsop, &c.] Fab[le] LXXVI. A Dog in a Manger.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC, page 75:

     A Churliſh Envious Curr vvas gotten into a Manger, and there lay Growling and Snarling to keep the Horſes from their Provender. The Dog Eat None himſelf, and yet rather Ventur'd the Starving his Own Carcaſe then he would ſuffer any thing elfe to be the Better for't.

   • 1897, Joseph Conrad, “II”, in An Outpost of Progress:

     He threw the soapsuds skilfully over a wretched little yellow cur he had, then turning his face to the agent's house, he shouted from the distance, "All the men gone last night!"

   • 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “chapter 25”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:

     "You have no more spirit than a mongrel cur. You lie down on the ground and ask people to trample on you."

2. (dated or humorous) A detestable person.
   • 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     This butcher's cur is venom-mouth'd, and I have not the power to muzzle him.

   • 1900, Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim, page vi. 54:

     "Who 's a cur - now - hey?"

   • 1913, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Return of Tarzan, New York: Ballantine Books, published 1963, page 201:

     Clayton interrupted him. “Stop!” he cried. “Stop! What manner of cur are you that you traduce the character of a good woman whom we believe dead! God!”

3. (archaic, dialect) A sheepdog or watchdog.
   • 1710, Ambrose Phillips, Pastorals, The Fourth Pastoral , line 119:

     Then send our Curs to gather up the Sheep

   • 1884, Robert Holland, A Glossary of Words used in the County of Chester, page 90:

     "He's a good sharp cur," or "a good cur," is said of any dog that barks at strangers and guards his master's property.

派生語

参考

• bitsa, bitser, bitzer
• mongrel
• mutt

アナグラム

• CRU, Cru, RUC, cru, ruc

語源

From Old Latin quūr, quōr, from Proto-Italic *kʷōr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷór (“where”) (with pre-resonant and monosyllabic lengthening), from *kʷos (“interrogative determiner”) +‎ *-r (“adverbial suffix”). For other Indo-European cognates, compare:

• Sanskrit कर्हि॑ (kárhi, “when”), Proto-Germanic *hwar (“where”) < *kʷór
• 古期英語 hwǣr (“where”), Old High German hwār (“where”) < *kʷēr
• Albanian kur (“when”), Lithuanian kur̃ (“where, whither”), Armenian ուր (ur, “where”) < *kúr
• Norwegian Nynorsk kvar (“where”), Norwegian Nynorsk kor (“where”), Norwegian Bokmål hvor (“where”) < Old Norse hvar < Proto-Germanic *hwar < Proto-Indo-European *kʷór, from *kʷos (“which”)

See also quirquir (“wherever(?)”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkuːr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkur]

副詞

cūr (not comparable)

1. why; for what reason; wherefore; to what purpose; from what motive

   Cur humi iaces?

   Why are you lying on the ground?

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 11.424:

     Cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?

     Why before the trumpet [of war], fear seizes your limbs?

派生語

参照

• “cur”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "cur", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cur”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • how came it that...: quid causae fuit cur...?
    
• “cūr” on page 519/1-2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)