英和和英

語源 1

From 中期英語 pochen (“to poach (eggs)”), from Old French pocher "to put (egg yolks) in pockets" (i.e. in bags formed by the whites), from Old French poche (“pocket”).

動詞

poach (third-person singular simple present poaches, present participle poaching, simple past and past participle poached)

1. (transitive) To cook (something) in simmering or very hot liquid (usually water; sometimes wine, broth, or otherwise).
   • 1931, Francis Beeding, “1/1”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps‎:

     Eldridge closed the despatch-case with a snap and, rising briskly, walked down the corridor to his solitary table in the dining-car. Mulligatawny soup, poached turbot, roast leg of lamb—the usual railway dinner.

2. (intransitive) To be cooked in such manner.
   • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

     The white of an egg with spirit of wine, doth bake the egg into clots, as if it began to poach.

等位語

派生語

名詞

poach (plural poaches)

1. The act of cooking in simmering liquid.
   • 2005, Jill Dupleix, Good Cooking: The New Basics, page 152:

     Peaches are so perfect they need very little to make them extra special—just a quick poach in basil-scented rosé wine and a few adoring strawberries.

語源 2

From Old French pocher, pochier (“to trample, poach into”). Doublet of poke.

動詞

poach (third-person singular simple present poaches, present participle poaching, simple past and past participle poached)

1. (ambitransitive) To trespass on another's property to take fish or game.
2. (ambitransitive) To take game or fish illegally.
   • 2021 November 12, Christine Chung, “2 Ivory Smugglers Captured in International Operation, U.S. Says”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     A 2016 study using carbon dating of more than 200 tusks from seizures spanning nine countries suggested that illegal ivory originates from elephants poached recently, instead of being pilfered from aging stockpiles kept by various nations.

3. (by extension, ambitransitive) To take anything illegally or unfairly.
   • 2026 February 10, Phil McNulty, “Manchester City 6-0 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport‎:

     Chelsea's embarrassment was symbolised by Ross Barkley's inexplicable header straight to the feet of Aguero to poach his second and Ilkay Gundogan capped that early blitz with a low drive.

4. (figurative) To intrude; to interfere; to get involved inappropriately, without welcome.

   to poach in foreign academic disciplines

   (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

5. (business, ambitransitive) To entice (an employee or customer) to switch from a competing company to one's own.
   • 2019 August 1, Karen Weise, “EBay Accuses Amazon Managers of Conspiring to Poach Its Sellers”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     EBay has accused three Amazon managers of illegally conspiring to poach its sellers, escalating a monthslong feud between two of the country’s largest e-commerce companies.

6. To make soft or muddy by trampling.

   Cattle coming to drink had punched and poached the river bank into a mess of mud.

   • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “(please specify the page)”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC:

     the poach'd filth that floods the middle street

7. To become soft or muddy by being trampled on.
   • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:

     Chalky and clay lands […] chap in summer, and poach in winter.

8. (obsolete) To stab; to pierce; to spear or drive or plunge into something.

   Synonyms: jab, run through; see also Thesaurus:stab, Thesaurus:impale

   • 1609, Richard Carew, The Survey of Cornwall, London: […] S[imon] S[tafford] for Iohn Iaggard, […], →OCLC:

     They vse alſo to poche them with an instrument somewhat like the Sammon-speare

   • 1673, William Temple, Observations upon the United Provinces:

     his horse poching one of his legs into some hollow ground

   • 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 20:

     And the laws of your wrastling are that neither shall strangle his adversary with his hands, nor bite him, nor claw nor scratch his flesh, nor poach out his eyes, nor smite him with his fists, nor do any other unfair thing against him, but in all other respects ye shall wrastle freely together.

   • 2011, Maggie Stiefvater, The Scorpio Races:

     Mutt Malvern stands with a wicked blade in one hand and, in the other, a three-pronged leister spear of the sort used to poach fish or birds.

派生語

名詞

poach (plural poaches)

1. The act of taking something unfairly, as in tennis doubles where one player returns a shot that their partner was better placed to return.

Further reading

• Poach in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• phaco, phoca, copha, chapo, phaco-, Pacoh