Thaneとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English theyn, thein, þein, from 古期英語 þæġn, þeġen, þegn, from Proto-West Germanic *þegn (“man, warrior”), from Proto-Germanic *þegnaz (“man, warrior”), from Proto-Indo-European *teḱ- (“to give birth”); akin to Dutch degen, German Degen, Old Norse þegn and Ancient Greek τέκνον (téknon, “child”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /θeɪn/
• 韻: -eɪn

名詞

thane (複数形 thanes)

1. (historical) A rank of nobility in pre-Norman England, roughly equivalent to baron.^[1]
   • 1845, Johann Martin Lappenberg, Benjamin Thorpe (translator), A History of England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings, 2004, page 317,

     The Anglo-Saxon thanes were in all respects the predecessors of the Norman barons.

     The title of thane seems to have supplanted that of gesith, which appears only in the earner Anglo-Saxon laws, a denomination that may originally have designated the attendants or companions of the king, and whose wergild being triple that of the simple freeman, were, therefore, denominated not only gesithcund men, but six-hynde men.

   • 1910, Robert A. Thompson, The People's History of England, Walter Scott Publishing, New York,

     The little island of Iona became the refuge of the sons and some thanes of Athelfrith, banished by Edwin.

   • 2000, Wulfstan, Robert Boenig (editor かつ translator), Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, Anglo-Saxon Spirituality: Selected Writings, page 144,

     Although some serfs escape from their lord and turn away from Christendom to the Vikings and after this it happens that the clash of swords becomes common to thane and serf, if the serf utterly kills the thane, he lies unpaid by all of the serf's kin.

派生語

• thanehood

参考

• baron
• gesith < ġesīþ

反意語

• (baron): hlæfdige f
• (title): hlæfdige f

参照