spectrumとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 スペクトル、(目の)残像、連続体、範囲
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spectrumの学習レベル | レベル:6英検:準1級以上の単語学校レベル:大学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:730点以上の単語大学入試:最難関大対策レベル |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「spectrum」の意味 |
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spectrum
a wide spectrum of interests 広範囲の趣味. |
自然科学と技術のほかの用語一覧
「spectrum」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 7941件
electromagnetic spectrum発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
電磁スペクトル. - 研究社 新英和中辞典
a wide spectrum of interests発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
広範囲の趣味. - 研究社 新英和中辞典
frequency [spectrum] allocation発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
周波数割り当て - 研究社 英和コンピューター用語辞典
Microscopic infrared spectrum analysis例文帳に追加
顕微赤外分光分析 - Weblio Email例文集
spectrum allocation発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
周波数の割り当て frequency allocation - 研究社 英和コンピューター用語辞典
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Weblio英和対訳辞書での「spectrum」の意味 |
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spectrum
spectrum
spectrum
Spectrum
Spectrum (arena)
Spectrum (functional analysis)
Wiktionary英語版での「spectrum」の意味 |
spectrum

語源
From Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”), from speciō (“look at, view”). Doublet of specter. See also scope.
名詞
spectrum (複数形 spectra または spectrums)
- A range; a continuous, infinite, one-dimensional set, possibly bounded by extremes.
- Specifically, a range of colours representing light (electromagnetic radiation) of contiguous frequencies; hence electromagnetic spectrum, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, etc. [from later 17th c.]
- (psychology, education, usually with the) The autism spectrum.
- (chemistry) The pattern of absorption or emission of radiation produced by a substance when subjected to energy (radiation, heat, electricity, etc.).
- (mathematics, linear algebra) The set of eigenvalues of a matrix.
- Synonym: eigenspectrum
- (mathematics, functional analysis) Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense.
- (abstract algebra, algebraic geometry) The set, denoted Spec(R), of all prime ideals of a given ring R, commonly augmented with a Zariski topology and considered as a topological space.
- (obsolete) Specter, apparition. [from early 17th c.]
- The image of something seen that persists after the eyes are closed.
派生語
関連する語
語源
From spec(iō) (“look at, behold”) + -trum (making it a doublet of speculum).
The only attestation in Classical antiquity is in a pair of letters between Cicero and Cassius Longinus which imply that the Epicurean Catius (fl. c. 50s–40s BC) used spectrum as a translation of the Greek philosophical term εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”).[1] It may therefore have been coined by Catius as a neologism, although alternatively, it could be an undocumented but preexisting word that he repurposed as a technical term.
After Cicero, the word is extremely sparsely attested until being revived around the start of the sixteenth century by Renaissance humanist authors with the meaning "apparition" or "phantom", possibly influenced by the fact that Greek εἴδωλον also had this sense.[2]
The scientific use to refer to the visible spectrum of colored light was first introduced by Isaac Newton, who used the word in the second half of the seventeenth century in both his English writings and in his first Latin draft of the Opticks, the Fundamentum Opticae, although the 1706 Latin translation of Opticks by Samuel Clarke translates Newton's English spectrum into Latin as imago.[3]
発音
名詞
spectrum n (genitive spectrī); second declension
- appearance, image
- 62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 15.16.1–2:
- fit enim nescio qui ut quasi coram adesse videare cum scribo aliquid ad te, neque id κατ’ εἰδ<ώλ>ων φαντασίας, ut dicunt tui amici novi, qui putant etiam διανοητικὰς φαντασίας spectris Catianis excitari. nam, ne te fugiat, Catius Insuber Ἐπικούρειος, qui nuper est mortuus, quae ille Gargettius et iam ante Democritus εἴδωλα, hic spectra nominat. his autem spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, quod <pup>ulis ipsa incurrunt, animus qui possit ego non video; doceas tu me oportebit cum salvus veneris. in meane potestate ut sit spectrum tuum, ut, simul ac mihi collibitum sit de te cogitare, illud occurrat? neque solum de te, qui mihi haeres in medullis, sed si insulam Britanniam coepero cogitare, eius εἴδωλον mihi advolabit ad pectus?
- 1900 translation by Evelyn Shuckburgh[4]
- For somehow it makes you seem almost present when I write anything to you, and that not 'by way of phantoms of images,' as your new friends express it, who hold that 'mental pictures' are caused by what Catius called 'spectres' — for I must remind you that Catius Insuber the Epicurean, lately dead, calls 'spectres' what the famous Gargettius, and before him Democritus, used to call 'images.' Well, even if my eyes were capable of being struck by these 'spectres,' because they spontaneously run in upon them at your will, I do not see how the mind can be struck. You will be obliged to explain it to me, when you return safe and sound, whether the 'spectre' of you is at my command, so as to occur to me as soon as I have taken the fancy to think about you; and not only about you, who are in my heart's core, but supposing I begin thinking about the island of Britain — will its image fly at once into my mind?
- 1900 translation by Evelyn Shuckburgh[4]
- fit enim nescio qui ut quasi coram adesse videare cum scribo aliquid ad te, neque id κατ’ εἰδ<ώλ>ων φαντασίας, ut dicunt tui amici novi, qui putant etiam διανοητικὰς φαντασίας spectris Catianis excitari. nam, ne te fugiat, Catius Insuber Ἐπικούρειος, qui nuper est mortuus, quae ille Gargettius et iam ante Democritus εἴδωλα, hic spectra nominat. his autem spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, quod <pup>ulis ipsa incurrunt, animus qui possit ego non video; doceas tu me oportebit cum salvus veneris. in meane potestate ut sit spectrum tuum, ut, simul ac mihi collibitum sit de te cogitare, illud occurrat? neque solum de te, qui mihi haeres in medullis, sed si insulam Britanniam coepero cogitare, eius εἴδωλον mihi advolabit ad pectus?
- apparition, specter, phantom
- (New Latin) spectrum (band of light arranged in order by wavelength)
語形変化
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | spectrum | spectra |
Genitive | spectrī | spectrōrum |
Dative | spectrō | spectrīs |
Accusative | spectrum | spectra |
Ablative | spectrō | spectrīs |
Vocative | spectrum | spectra |
派生した語
参照
- ^ "Why is Latin spectrum a Bad Translation of Epicurus’ ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ?", Sean McConnell, 2018. Mnemosyne 72 (2019) 154-162.
- ^ "Spectrum : Probleme einer Wortgeschichte, vom Altertum zur Neuzeit", Mario Puelma, 1985. Museum Helveticum Vol. 42, No. 2. page 230
- ^ Newton’s Sensorium: Anatomy of a Concept, Jamie C. Kassler, 2018, page 4
- ^ Evelyn Shuckburgh, Cicero: The Whole Extant Correspondence in Chronological Order (London 1900)
- ^ The Optical Papers of Isaac Newton, Vol. II. Edited Alan E. Shapiro, 2021. Pages 258-259.
Further reading
- “spectrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “spectrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- spectrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- spectrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Weblio例文辞書での「spectrum」に類似した例文 |
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spectrum
the gamut
a curve
of or relating to a spectrum
obscure rays in a spectrum
「spectrum」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 7941件
obscure rays in a spectrum発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
スペクトル中の暗線 - EDR日英対訳辞書
the spectrum of visible rays of light発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
可視光線の分光 - EDR日英対訳辞書
an optical spectrum consisting of narrowly spaced lines, called band spectrum発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
帯スペクトルという,光のスペクトル - EDR日英対訳辞書
a condition in which a color intensity spectrum is distributed発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
濃淡が分布している状態 - EDR日英対訳辞書
the difference between various places in which there is a spectrum of variation発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
場所による分布状態の差 - EDR日英対訳辞書
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