clamとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /klæm/
• (æ-tensing) IPA^(key): [kleəm]
• 韻: -æm

語源 1

From Middle English clam (“pincers, vice, clamp”), from 古期英語 clamm (“bond, fetter, grip, grasp”), from Proto-West Germanic *klammjan (“press, squeeze together”). The sense “dollar” may allude to wampum. The sense "Scientologist" alludes to the Scientologist belief that human thetans (souls) previously inhabited clams.

名詞

clam (複数形 clams)

1. A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clam (Spisula solidissima), and other species. The name is said to have been given originally to the Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 3, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.

   • 1970, “Cherrystones”, in Outlaw, performed by Eugene McDaniels:

     Long as I have my clams I don't give a damn about revolution / Long as I have my rice I don't have to think twice about a solution

2. Strong pincers or forceps.
3. A kind of vise, usually of wood.
4. (US, slang, chiefly in the plural) A dollar.

   Those sneakers cost me fifty clams!

   • 1973, Lucas Webb, Stribling (page 188)

     The network canceled—nonco-operation their legal shysters said. Suing me, for, for ten million clams, damages to sponsors, agencies.

5. (slang, derogatory) A Scientologist.
   • 1998 February 23, jesparolini, “CO$ Celebrities: USEFUL IDIOTS”, in alt.religion.scientology, Usenet‎^[2]:

     So the clams have John Travolta, Tom Cruise, et al in their hot li'l ol'P-R hands […]

6. (slang, vulgar) A vagina.
7. (slang) In musicians' parlance, a wrong or misplaced note.
8. (informal) One who clams up; a taciturn person, one who refuses to speak.
10. (dated, US, slang) mouth (Now found mostly in the expression shut one's clam)
    • 1900, Burt L. Standish, Frank Merriwell's Tricks: Or True Friends and False‎^[3]:

      Why, he hasn't opened his clam since that morning in your room. I expected he would hold forth on every and all occasions.

    • 2017, Benjamin Kane Ethridge, Dungeon Brain‎^[4]:

      Jason wouldn't shut his clam about the invaders.

派生語

動詞

clam (三人称単数 現在形 clams, 現在分詞 clamming, 過去形および過去分詞形 clammed)

1. To dig for clams.

派生語

• clam up

参考

• clammy

名詞

clam (複数形 clams)

1. A crash or clangor made by ringing all the bells of a chime at once.
   • 1702, Campanologia Improved:

     By the bells standing too long in leading compass, the rest are thrown and jumbled together; whereby claps and clams so unpleasing to the hearers are occasion'd.

動詞

clam (三人称単数 現在形 clams, 現在分詞 clamming, 過去形および過去分詞形 clammed)

1. To produce, in bellringing, a clam or clangor; to cause to clang.
   • 1702, Campanologia Improved:

     When they [bells] lie fifths thus 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 8, 'tis then most pleasant and excellent music to clam them; that is, the two notes of each concord to strike together, and if they be clam'd true the eight bells will strike like four, but with far greater musick and harmony.

語源 3

From Middle English clammen, clemen (“to smear, bedaub”), from 古期英語 clǣman (“to smear, bedaub”). Cognate with German klamm (“clammy”). See also clammy (“damp, cold かつ sticky”) and clem (“to adhere, stick, plug (a hole)”).

別の表記

• clem

形容詞

clam (comparative clammer, superlative clammest)

1. (obsolete) clammy.
   • 1808, John Jamieson, An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language:

     Ice is said to be clam, when beginning to melt with the sun or otherwise, and not easy to be slid upon.

名詞

clam

1. clamminess; moisture
   • 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, OCLC 1026761782, (please specify the book または page number):

     The clam of death.

動詞

clam (三人称単数 現在形 clams, 現在分詞 clamming, 過去形および過去分詞形 clammed)

2. To be moist or glutinous; to stick; to adhere.
   • 1690, [John] Dryden, Amphitryon; or, The Two Sosia’s. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […]; and M. Tonson […], published 1691, OCLC 228726855, (please specify the page number):

     A chilling sweat , a damp of jealousy,
     Hangs on my brows, and clams upon my limbs

3. To clog, as with glutinous or viscous matter.
   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], OCLC 228727523:

     A whole Swarm of Wasps got into a Hony-pot, and there they Cloy'd and Clam'd themselves till there was no getting Out again.

名詞

clam (複数形 clams)

1. (rowing) Alternative form of CLAM

名詞

clam (複数形 clams)

1. Alternative form of clem (“to starve”)

アナグラム

• ALCM, CAML, Caml, Malc, calm

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *klām, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱl-, zero-grade form of *ḱel- (“to hide, conceal”). Cognate to Latin cēlō.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /klam/, [kɫ̪ä̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /klam/, [kläm]

副詞

clam (not comparable)

1. clandestinely, secretly, privately

   Antonyms: publice, apertē, vulgō, palam

2. stealthily

派生語

• clanculō
• clanculum

関連する語

• clanculārius
• clandestīnō
• clandestīnus

前置詞

clam (+ accusative, ablative)

1. (with accusative または, まれに, ablative) without the knowledge of, unknown to
   • 163 B.C.E. Terence, Heauton Timorumenos, Act II, Scene II:

     Neque adeō clam mē est.

     Nor indeed is it unknown to me.

参照

• “clam”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “clam”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• clam in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• clam in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

別の表記

• (NE dialects) cloam

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *klaim (“mortar, clay”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /klɑːm/

名詞

clām m

1. mud

語形変化