excidoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From ex- +‎ cadō (“fall”).

別の表記

• *excadē̆re (卑語)
  • excadō (medieval)

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈeks.ki.doː/, [ˈɛks̠kɪd̪oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈeks.t͡ʃi.do/, [ˈɛkst͡ʃid̪o]

動詞

excidō (present infinitive excidere, perfect active excidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

2. I fall out, from or down, tumble to the ground, collapse, break down, drop
3. I fall out or from involuntarily, slip out, escape
4. I differ from someone's opinion, disagree with, dissent
5. I am lost or forgotten, pass away, perish, disappear
   • 1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum :

     Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.

     With a terrified voice and face they confessed that they did receive the letter but lost them on the road.

6. I lose myself, fail; faint, swoon
7. I slip out, away or escape from memory, i.e. forget
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.25-26:

     necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.

     Nor even now had the causes of [Juno’s] anger and bitter sorrows slipped from her mind.

8. (with ablative) I am deprived of, miss, fail to obtain, forfeit, lose

Conjugation

関連する語

語源 2

From ex- +‎ caedō (“cut; strike”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /eksˈkiː.doː/, [ɛks̠ˈkiːd̪oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /eksˈt͡ʃi.do/, [eksˈt͡ʃiːd̪o]

動詞

excīdō (present infinitive excīdere, perfect active excīdī, supine excīsum); third conjugation

2. I cut or hew out, off, or down

   excīdō virīlitātem ― I castrate, geld

3. I raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy
4. (figuratively) I extirpate, remove, banish
5. (in a quarry) I cut out, hollow out, excavate

Conjugation

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• → English: excide, excise
• → French: exciser

参照

• “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
    
  • the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost: memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit
    
  • no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (または simply ei)
    
• excido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “excidentia, excidere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 388/1