gemmaとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin gemma (“bud on a plant”).

名詞

gemma (複数形 gemmae)

1. (botany) A bud; an asexual reproductive structure, as found in liverworts and hydra, able to produce new individuals from a cluster of cells.
   • 1969, Rudolf Mathias Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America East of the Hundredth Meridian, Volume 1, Columbia University Press, page 527,

     I know of no other genera with such intramarginal formation of true gemmae.

   • 1990, Anthony John Edwin Smith, The Liverworts of Britain and Ireland, page 2,

     Gemmae are frequently longer than wide or of irregular shape.

     According to Degenkolbe, gemmae-bearing leaves are always different in form from normal leaves.

   • 2005, R. N. Chopra, Biology of Bryophytes, page 32,

     In Marchantia polymorpha, high temperature promotes germination of gemmae (Dacknowski, 1907), and heat absorbed by the gemmae accelerates their germination (Fitting, 1942).

派生語

• extragemmal
• gemmoid

アナグラム

• Megam

Latin

語源

Uncertain. Two possibilities include:

• Proto-Indo-European *gembʰ- (“nail, tooth”)
• Proto-Italic *gen- (“to produce”)

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡem.ma/, [ˈɡɛm.ma]

名詞

gemma f (genitive gemmae); first declension

1. A bud or eye of a plant.
2. A gem, gemstone, jewel, precious stone.
3. A thing made of precious stones.

語形変化

First-declension noun.

関連する語

• gemmārius
• gemmātus
• gemmeus
• gemmifer
• gemmō

派生した語

• Asturian: yema, xema
• Catalan: gemma
• English: gem
• French: gemme
• Galician: xema
• Italian: gemma
• Portuguese: gema
• Romanian: gemă
• Russian: гемма (gemma)
• Spanish: yema, gema
• → West Germanic: *gimmu (see there for further descendants)

参照

• gemma in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• gemma in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gemma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• gemma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the trees are budding: gemmae proveniunt
    
• gemma in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gemma in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin