martyrとは

発音

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/, [ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)], [ˈmɐːɾə(ɹ)]
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/^[1]
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/, [ˈmɑɹ.ɾɚ]^[1]
• 韻: -ɑː(ɹ)tə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: mar‧tyr

名詞

martyr (複数形 martyrs)

1. One who willingly accepts being put to death for adhering openly to one's religious beliefs; notably, saints canonized after martyrdom.

   Saint Stephen was the first Christian martyr.

2. (by extension) One who sacrifices his or her life, station, or something of great personal value, for the sake of principle or to sustain a cause.
3. (with a prepositional phrase of cause) One who suffers greatly and/or constantly, even involuntarily.

   Stan is a martyr to arthritis, Chris a martyr to Stan's endless moaning about it.

   • 1937, AJ Cronin, The Citadel:

     He'd been a martyr to asthma all his life.

同意語

• shaheed, shahid

反意語

• confessor

派生語

関連する語

動詞

martyr (三人称単数 現在形 martyrs, 現在分詞 martyring, 過去形および過去分詞形 martyred)

1. (transitive) To make someone into a martyr by putting him or her to death for adhering to, or acting in accordance with, some belief, especially religious; to sacrifice on account of faith or profession.
2. (transitive) To persecute.

   Some religious and other minorities were martyred until extinction.

3. (transitive) To torment; to torture.

   The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart

   Thou martyrest with sorrow and with smart. — Spenser

同意語

• martyrize

派生語

• martyrer

参照

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Latin

語源

From Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmar.tyr/, [ˈmar.tʏr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmar.tir/

名詞

martyr m, f (genitive martyris); third declension

1. (Ecclesiastical Latin) martyr, especially a Christian martyr

Inflection

Third declension.

関連する語

• martyrium

派生した語

• → Danish: martyr
• → Dutch: martelaar
• → Estonian: märter
• → Finnish: marttyyri
• → German: Märtyrer
• → Hungarian: mártír
• Lombard: màrtul
• → Norwegian: martyr
• → Old French: martire
  • French: martyr
  • → Middle English: martir
    • Scots: mairtyr
    • English: martyr
      • → Maori: matira
  • Norman: martyr
• → Italian: martire
• Neapolitan: marture
• Old Italian: martore
• → Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: màrtir
  • Occitan: martir
• → Old Portuguese:
  • Galician: mártir
  • Portuguese: mártir
• Romanian: martor
• Sardinian: màrturu
• → Scottish Gaelic: martair
• → Spanish: mártir
  • → Tagalog: martir
• → Swedish: martyr

参照

• martyr in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• martyr in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)