ministerとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English ministre, from Old French ministre, from Latin minister (“an attendant, servant, assistant, a priest's assistant または other under official”), from minor (“less”) + -ter; see minor.

名詞

minister (複数形 ministers)

2. A person who is trained to preach, to perform religious ceremonies, and to afford pastoral care at a Protestant church.

   The minister said a prayer on behalf of the entire congregation.

3. A politician who heads a ministry (national または regional government department for public service).

   He was newly appointed to be Minister of the Interior.

   • 1661 (first printed), Francis Bacon, A Letter of Advice to the Duke of Buckingham:

     Ministers to kings, whose eyes, ears, and hands they are, must be answerable to God and man.

4. In diplomacy, the rank of diplomat directly below ambassador.
5. A servant; a subordinate; an officer or assistant of inferior rank; hence, an agent, an instrument.
   • c. 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The VVinters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 287, column 2:

      […], I choſe / Camillo for the miniſter, to poyſon / My friend Polixenes: […]

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Exodus 24:13, column 1:

     And Moſes roſe vp, and his miniſter Ioſhua: and Moſes went vp into the mount of God.

使用する際の注意点

Not to be confused with minster.

上位語

• (Chief minister in areas of Central Europe かつ Scandinavia): provost

派生語

• ministress
• prime minister

関連する語

• ministerial
• ministerium
• ministrix
• ministry

派生した語

• Pijin: minista
• → Hausa: ministà

参考

• cleric
• father
• parson
• pastor
• priest
• vicar

語源 2

From Middle English mynystren, from Old French menistrer, ministrer and Latin ministrō, from minister.

動詞

minister (三人称単数 現在形 ministers, 現在分詞 ministering, 過去形および過去分詞形 ministered)

1. (transitive) To attend to (the needs of); to tend; to take care (of); to give aid; to give service.
2. to function as a clergyman or as the officiant in church worship
3. (transitive, archaic) To afford, to give, to supply.
   • 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i], page 7, column 2:

     I do vvell beleeue your Highneſſe, and did it to miniſter occaſion to theſe Gentlemen, […]

     (to give opportunity to these gentlemen)

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Corinthians 9:10, column 2:

     ( […] Now he that miniſtreth ſeede to the ſower, both miniſter bread for your foode, かつ multiply your ſeede ſowen, かつ encreaſe the fruites of your righteouſneſſe)

   • 1673, Jeremy Taylor, Heniaytos: A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year […]

     We minister to God reason to suspect us.

Further reading

• “minister” in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “minister” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

アナグラム

• Tenriism, Terminis, interims, ministre, smirnite

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *minosteros. Equivalent to minus + comparative suffix *-tero-. Compare magister.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /miˈnis.ter/, [mɪˈnɪs̠t̪ɛr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /miˈnis.ter/, [miˈnist̪er]

名詞

minister m (genitive ministrī, feminine ministra または ministrīx); second declension

1. attendant, servant, waiter
2. agent, aide
3. accomplice

語形変化

Second-declension noun (nominative 単数形 in -er).

等位語

• magister
• ministra f
• ministrīx f

派生語

• ministerium
• ministrō

派生した語

参照

• minister in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• minister in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers