voluntaryとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈvɒl.ən.tɹi/
• (General American, dialects of Canada) IPA: /ˈvɑ.lənˌt(ɛ)ɹi/
• (Canada, dialects of the 米国発音) IPA: /ˈvɒl.ən.t(ɛ)ɹi/
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈvɔl.ən.tɹi/
• IPA: (Ghana) [voˈlɔn.t̠ɹ̠̊ɹ̩.ri], /ˌvo.lɔnˈtɛ.ri/
• ハイフネーション: vol‧un‧ta‧ry

形容詞

voluntary (comparative more voluntary, superlative most voluntary)

1. Done, given, or acting of one's own free will.
   • September 10, 1828, Nathaniel William Taylor, Sermon delivered in the Chapel of Yale College

     That sin or guilt pertains exclusively to voluntary action is the true principle of orthodoxy.

   • 1726, Alexander, transl. Pope, “Book III”, in The Odyssey, translation of original by Homer, line 345; republished in The Complete Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, Boston, New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1902, page 540:

     She fell, to lust a voluntary prey.

2. Done by design or intention; intentional.

   If a man accidentally kills another by lopping a tree, it is not voluntary manslaughter.

3. Working or done without payment.

   Wikimedia is a voluntary service.

4. Endowed with the power of willing.
   • 1594, Richard Hooker, “Book 1”, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie‎, London: John Walthoe et al, published 1782, page 5:

     […] God did not work as a necessary, but a voluntary agent, intending before-hand, and decreeing with himself, that which did outwardly proceed from him.

5. Of or relating to voluntarism.

   a voluntary church, in distinction from an established or state church

同意語

• (acting of one's own free will): discretionary, optional, volitional; See also Thesaurus:optional
• (done by design or intention): intentional, willful, see Thesaurus:intentional
• (done without payment): honorary, pro bono, unpaid, unsalaried, unwaged
• (endowed with the power of willing): autonomous, spontaneous

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “all”): involuntary
• (antonym(s) of “acting of one's own free will”): compulsory, obligatory; See also Thesaurus:compulsory
• (antonym(s) of “done by design or intention”): accidental
• (antonym(s) of “done without payment”): paid, salaried

派生語

関連する語

• voluntarism
• voluntarist

副詞

voluntary (comparative more voluntary, superlative most voluntary)

1. (obsolete) Voluntarily.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     And all that els was pretious and deare, / The sea unto him voluntary brings [...].

名詞

voluntary (plural voluntaries)

1. (music) A short piece of music, often having improvisation, played on a solo instrument.
2. A volunteer.
3. A supporter of voluntarism; a voluntarist.