'queとは

意味・読み方・使い方

使用する際の注意点

This short form can even be found in works that spell the long form barbecue rather than barbeque.

語源

From Proto-Italic *-kʷe (“かつ”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“かつ”). Cognates include Sanskrit च (ca), Ancient Greek τε (te), Proto-Germanic *-hw ( → English (thou)gh).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kʷe/, [kᶣɛ]

接続詞

-que (enclitic)

1. and, a copulative particle affixed to the word it annexes
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.VIII:

     Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.

     There is nothing you do, nothing you plot, nothing you think about, that I do not only hear of, but actually see as well and distinctly discern.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid I.1:

     Arma virumque cano.

     I sing of arms and the man...

   Senatus Populusque Romanus.

   The Senate and the People of Rome

   (字義どおりに, “The Roman Senate and People”)

2. (when repeated) "both... and", "whether... or"
   • 29 bc. Vergil. Georgics, III

     ...hominvmqve ferarvmqve...

     ...both of man and of beast...

3. introducing an explanatory clause
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 1.2:

     Fretusque his animis.

     And so trusting to the pride of them.

4. (まれに) used in an answer
   • c. 190–185, Plautus, Amphitryon II.ii:

     Ain heri nos advenisse huc? — Aio, adveniensque ilico me salutasti.

     Do you say that we arrived here yesterday? — I do say so, and on your arrival (lit. and arriving) you instantly greeted me.

使用する際の注意点

• In archaic and official language, -que is preferred to et, from which it is distinguished by denoting a closer connection.
• It is used singly to link words with related meanings.

  Some examples:

  Fames sitisque. (hunger and thirst)

  Augeri amplificarique. (to be increased and to be enlarged)

  Admirabilis incredibilisque. (admirable and incredible)

  Fuga pavorque. (fleeing and fear)

  Cibus victusque. (sustenance and living)

  Concilium coetusque. (a public gathering and a meeting)

  Blandimenta voluptatis otiique. (delights of pleasure and leisure)

  Extremum summumque supplicium. (the furthest and greatest punishment)

  Imperio auspicioque. (with command and divination)

  Carus acceptusque. ([he is] dear and pleasing)

  Jus fasque. (law and divine will)

  It is especially used in phrases like:

  Longe longeque. (far off and distant)

  Longe multumque. (distant and much)

  Saepe diuque. (often and for a long time)

  With the comparative:

  Plus plusque. (more and more)

  Magis magisque. (to a greater extent and more)

  Minus minusque. (less and less)

  When used with personal and possessive pronouns:

  Me meosque. (me and mine)

  Se suaque. (themself and their possession)

  Ipse meique. (himself and mine)

  Also used in archaic formulae:

  Potes pollesque. (you are able and you are strong)

  Vivunt vigentque. (they live and they flourish)

• Also words of contrast meaning:

  Jus nefasque. (law and sin)

  Longe lateque. (distant かつ widely)

  Cominus eminusque. (in close combat and beyond swords reach)

  Ultro citroque. (there and here) literally "beyond and to this side"

  Terrā marique. (from earth and sea)

  Ferro ignique. (with iron and [with] fire)

  Pace belloque. (with peace かつ [with] war)

  Tempus locusque. (time and place)

  Parvis magnisque. (with small and [with] large)

派生語

• atque
• a lacte cunisque
• cumque
• itaque
• filioque
• namque
• neque
• quoque
• quisque
• SPQR
• ubique
• undique
• uterque
• utique

関連する語

• que

参考

• -ne
• -ve
• -ce

Usage note

This is the customary abbreviation of this term as used in case citations. See, e.g., The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, Nineteenth Edition (2010), "Geographical Terms: Australian states and Canadian provinces and territories", Table T10.2, p. 438.

名詞

que (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 ques)

1. (US, informal, まれに) Clipping of barbeque.
   • 2009 December 25, Nick Cramer, in My "homemade" Italian meatball recipe - for Nick and Meir, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated, Usenet:

     Then about 1950 two German brothers who had a meat market began cooking BBQ in their market to use up left over meat. One got the idea to smoke a brisket as he was smoking sausage one weekend. He left it all weekend in his smokehouse and on Monday as they were serving their que, pork, sausage & chicken, he cut a slice […]

   • 2010 September 22, Nanzi (username), in Re: Yoy guys are killing this group, in alt.food.barbecue, Usenet:

     Instead please join in the sharing of que methods and recipes, or questions.

   • 2011, Kathy Reichs, Spider Bones: A Novel →ISBN, page 57

     The back route I favor involves a long stretch on Highway 74 and brings me close enough to Lumberton for a barbeque detour. That was my target today. Being already in Lumberton, it only made sense to score some “que.”

アナグラム

• equ-