algorithmとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English algorisme, augrym, from Anglo-Norman algorisme, augrim, from Medieval Latin algorismus, from Arabic الخُوَارِزْمِيّ‎ (al-ḵuwārizmiyy), the nisba of Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī and a toponymic name meaning "person from Chorasmia". The spelling change (-s- > -th-) was influenced by unrelated Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) (whence English arithmo-) ^[1].

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: ălʹgə-rĭ-thəm, ălʹgə-rĭth-m, IPA^(key): /ˈælɡəɹɪðəm/, /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
• (General American) enPR: ălʹgə-rĭ'thəm, ălʹgə-rĭth'm, IPA^(key): /ˈælɡəˌɹɪðəm/, /ˈælɡəˌɹɪðm̩/
• ハイフネーション 英国発音: al‧gorithm, 米国発音: al‧go‧rithm

名詞

algorithm (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 algorithms)

1. (countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps.
   • 1990, Cormen, Leiserson, and Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms: page 1. Cambridge, MA, The MIT Press, 1999 (23rd printing)

     Informally, an algorithm is any well-defined computational procedure that takes some value, or set of values, as input and produces some value, or set of values, as output. An algorithm is thus a sequence of computational steps that transform the input into the output.

   • 2010, Aaron Sorkin, The Social Network:

     Mark Zuckerberg: No, I need the algorithm you used to rank chess players. / Eduardo Saverin: Are you OK? / Mark Zuckerberg: We're ranking girls.

   • 2013 July 26, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[1], volume 189, number 7, page 26:

     The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, so too does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use.

   • 2018 June 25, Sam Jones, “Ex-Nato chief refused visa waiver to US because of Iran trips”, in The Guardian:

     It’s a computer – an algorithm – and if you’ve been in Iran lately, they take you out of the system.

2. (uncountable, obsolete) Calculation with Arabic numerals; algorism.

下位語

関連する語

派生した語

• → Japanese: アルゴリズム
• → Korean: 알고리즘 (algorijeum)

参考

• data structure
• function
• program

参照