bolsterとは

意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• boulster
• bowster, bouster, boster (Scotland)

語源

From Middle English bolster, bolstre, from 古期英語 bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz, *bulstrą (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈbəʊlstə/
  • (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈboʊlstɚ/

名詞

Bolster or pillow (structural) (geograph.org.uk - 325191)

bolster (複数形 bolsters)

1. A large cushion or pillow.
   • 1590–92, William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew, act 4, scene 1:

     And here I'll fling the pillow, there the bolster,
     This way the coverlet, another way the sheets.

   • 1907, E.M. Forster, The Longest Journey, Part I, VII [Uniform ed., p. 84]:

     "Don’t you know how Turner spoils his pictures by introducing a man like a bolster in the foreground? Well, in actual life every landscape is spoilt by men of worse shapes still.”

     “You sound like a bolster with the stuffing out.” They laughed.

2. A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress.
   • 1715, John Gay, The What D'Ye Call It?

     This arm shall be a bolster for thy head.

3. (vehicles, agriculture) A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn.
4. A short, horizontal structural timber between a post and a beam for enlarging the bearing area of the post and/or reducing the span of the beam.

   Synonyms: cross-head, pillow

5. A beam in the middle of a railway truck, supporting the body of the car.
6. The perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched.
7. The part of a knife blade that abuts upon the end of the handle.
8. The metallic end of a pocketknife handle.
9. (architecture) The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of G. Francis to this entry?)

10. (military, historical) A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation.

同意語

• Dutch wife

派生語

• bogie bolster wagon

動詞

bolster (三人称単数 現在形 bolsters, 現在分詞 bolstering, 過去形および過去分詞形 bolstered)

1. (transitive, often figuratively) To brace, reinforce, secure, or support.
   • 2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The Onion AV Club‎^[1]:

     Puget also teamed up with Matt Hyde (Deftones, Slayer) to co-produce the record, which was another smart move: Together, the pair ensures that AFI (The Blood Album)‘s arrangements are streamlined, but bolstered by just the right amount of atmospheric texture.

   • 2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62:

     However, once the bi-modes come on stream this [the power supply] will need to be bolstered by a feed at Braybrooke, just south of Market Harborough, for which reason the Department for Transport has supported the extension of overhead electrification from Kettering to Market Harborough.

アナグラム

• Bortles, Strobel, Stroble, bolters, lobster, reblots, rebolts, trobles

語源

From Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbol.ster/, [ˈboɫ.ster]

名詞

bolster m

1. pillow

   Tō slāpenne iċ þearf simle hūru twēġa bolstra.

   I always need at least two pillows to sleep.

語形変化