gale.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English galen, from 古期英語 galan (“to sing, enchant, call, cry, scream; sing charms, practice incantation”), from Proto-Germanic *galaną (“to roop, sing, charm”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to shout, scream, charm away”). Cognate with Danish gale (“to crow”), Swedish gala (“to crow”), Icelandic gala (“to sing, chant, crow”), Dutch galm (“echo, sound, noise”). Related to yell.

動詞

gale (三人称単数 現在形 gales, 現在分詞 galing, 過去形 galed または gole, 過去分詞 galed または galen)

1. (intransitive, now chiefly dialectal) To sing; charm; enchant.
   • c. 1346, Geoffrey Chaucer, Court of Love

     Can he cry and gale.

2. (intransitive, now chiefly dialectal) To cry; groan; croak.
3. (intransitive, of a person, now chiefly dialectal) To talk.
4. (intransitive, of a bird, Scotland) To call.
5. (transitive, now chiefly dialectal) To sing; utter with musical modulations.

語源 2

From Middle English gale (“a wind, breeze”), probably of North Germanic origin, related to Icelandic gola (“a breeze”), Danish gal (“furious, mad”),^[1] both from Old Norse gala (“to sing”), and thus ultimately related to the above word (etymology 1).

名詞

gale (複数形 gales)

1. (meteorology) A very strong wind, more than a breeze, less than a storm; number 7 through to 9 winds on the 12-step Beaufort scale.

   It's blowing a gale outside.

   Many parts of the boat were damaged in the gale.

   • 1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xii:

     With my mother's permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November. Someone also reported that a steamer had just been sunk in a gale. This made my brother uneasy, and he refused to take the risk of allowing me to sail immediately.

2. An outburst, especially of laughter.

   a gale of laughter

   • 1972, International Association of Seed Crushers, Congress [proceedings]

     The slightest hint of smugness would have had the nation leaning over our shoulders to blow out the birthday candles with a gale of reproach and disapproval.

3. (literary, archaic) A light breeze.
   • c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene iii]:

     A little gale will soon disperse that cloud.

   • 1671, John Milton, “The Second Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], OCLC 228732398:

     And winds of gentlest gale Arabian odours fanned / From their soft wings.

等位語

• (meteorology): breeze, hurricane, storm

派生語

• gale force

参考

• Beaufort scale

動詞

gale (三人称単数 現在形 gales, 現在分詞 galing, 過去形および過去分詞形 galed)

1. (nautical) To sail, or sail fast.

語源 3

From Middle English gaile, gawl, gawwyl, gaȝel, gagel, from 古期英語 gagel, gagelle, gagille, gagolle (“gale; sweet gale”), from Proto-Germanic *gagulaz (“gale; sweet-willow”). Cognate with Scots gaul, gall (“bog-myrtle”), Dutch gagel (“wild mytle”), German Gagel (“mytle-bush”), Icelandic gaglviður (“sweet-gale; myrtle”).

名詞

gale

1. A shrub, also called sweet gale or bog myrtle (Myrica gale), that grows on moors and fens.

語源 4

From Middle English gavel (“rent; tribute”), from 古期英語 gafol.

名詞

gale (複数形 gales)

1. (archaic) A periodic payment, such as is made of a rent or annuity.

   Gale day - the day on which rent or interest is due.

参照

• gale in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

アナグラム

• Gael, Lega, egal, geal, lage, leag