lavishとは意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• lavis, laves, lavas (廃れた用法)

語源

From Middle English laves, lavas, lavage (“extravagant, wasteful, prodigal”), from lavas (“excessive abundance”), from Old French lavasse, lavache (“torrent of rain”); possibly later conflated in some senses by Middle English laven (“to pour out”), equivalent to lave +‎ -ish. Compare Scots lawage, lavisch, lavish (“unrestrained, excessively prodigal, extravagant”). Compare also English lavy (“lavish, liberal”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈlævɪʃ/
• 韻: -ævɪʃ

形容詞

lavish (comparative lavisher または more lavish, superlative lavishest または most lavish)

1. Expending or bestowing profusely; profuse; prodigal.

   lavish of money;   lavish of praise

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     The day was cool and snappy for August, and the Rise all green with a lavish nature. Now we plunged into a deep shade with the boughs lacing each other overhead, and crossed dainty, rustic bridges over the cold trout-streams, the boards giving back the clatter of our horses' feet: […] .

   • 1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part II, London: Collins, →ISBN:

     Mind you, clothes were clothes in those days. There was a great deal of them, lavish both in material and in workmanship.

2. Superabundant; excessive.

   lavish spirits

   lavish meal

   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, “Measvre for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     Let her haue needfull, but not lauish meanes

3. (obsolete) Unrestrained, impetuous.
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:

     Thou wilt repent theſe lauiſh words of thine

同意語

• (expending profusely): profuse, prodigal, wasteful, extravagant, exuberant, immoderate, opulent
• See also Thesaurus:prodigal

関連する語

• lavy

動詞

lavish (三人称単数 現在形 lavishes, 現在分詞 lavishing, 過去形および過去分詞形 lavished)

1. (transitive) To give out extremely generously; to squander.

   They lavished money on the dinner.

2. (transitive) To give out to (somebody) extremely generously.

   They lavished him with praise.