buffetとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• beaufet (archaic)

発音

• (英国発音) enPR: bo͝o'fā, bŭ'fā; IPA: /ˈbʊ.feɪ/, /ˈbʌ.feɪ/
• (米国発音) enPR: bəfā', IPA: /bəˈfeɪ/, /bʌˈfeɪ/
• 韻: (米国発音) -eɪ

名詞

buffet (plural buffets)

1. A counter or sideboard from which food and drinks are served or may be bought.

   Synonyms: sideboard, smorgasbord, (obsolete) cupboard

   • 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], “A Court Ball”, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC, page 9:

     They stayed together during three dances, went out on to the terrace, explored wherever they were permitted to explore, paid two visits to the buffet, and enjoyed themselves much in the same way as if they had been school-children surreptitiously breaking loose from an assembly of grown-ups.

2. Food laid out in this way, to which diners serve themselves.

   Synonyms: buffet meal, smorgasbord

   • 1992, Neal Stephenson, Snow Crash, page 312:

     "We got a big buffet coming up soon. Bacon, eggs, fresh fruit you wouldn't believe."

   We'll be serving supper buffet style.

3. A small low stool; a hassock.

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: ビュッフェ (byuffe)
• → Korean: 뷔페 (bwipe)

語源 2

From 中期英語 buffet (“buffet”), from Old French buffet, diminutive of buffe, cognate with Italian buffetto. See buffer, buffoon, and compare German puffen (“to jostle, to hustle”).

発音

• enPR: bŭfʹĭt, IPA: /ˈbʌf.ɪt/, /ˈbʌf.ət/

名詞

buffet (countable and uncountable, plural buffets)

1. (countable) A blow or cuff with or as if with the hand, or by any other solid object or the wind.

   Synonyms: blow, (by any solid object) collision, (with the hand) cuff

   • 1805, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lay of the Last Minstrel: A Poem, London: […] [James Ballantyne] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], and A[rchibald] Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:

     On his cheek a buffet fell.

   • October 30, 1795, Edmund Burke, letter to Lord Auckland

     those planks of tough and hardy oak that used for years to brave the buffets of the Bay of Biscay

   • 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VII and XIV:

     Kipper stood blinking, as I had sometimes seen him do at the boxing tourneys in which he indulged when in receipt of a shrewd buffet on some tender spot like the tip of the nose.

2. (aviation, uncountable) The vibration of an aircraft when flying in or approaching a stall, caused by separation of airflow from the aircraft's wings.
   • 1979 December 21, National Transportation Safety Board, “Aircraft and Flightcrew Performance”, in Aircraft Accident Report: American Airlines, Inc., DC-10-10, N110AA, Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, Chicago, Illinois, May 25, 1979‎, archived from the original on 17 August 2022, page 54:

     The aircraft configuration was such that there was little or no warning of the stall onset. The inboard slats were extended, and therefore, the flow separation from the stall would be limited to the outboard segment of the left wing and would not be felt by the left horizontal stabilizer. There would be little or no buffet. The DFDR also indicated that there was some turbulence, which could have masked any aerodynamic buffeting. Since the roll to the left began at V₂ + 6 and since the pilots were aware that V₂ was well above the aircraft's stall speed, they probably did not suspect that the roll to the left indicated a stall. In fact, the roll probably confused them, especially since the stickshaker had not activated.

派生語

語源 3

From 中期英語 buffeten, from Old French buffeter, from the noun (see above).

発音

• enPR: bŭfʹĭt, IPA: /ˈbʌf.ɪt/, /ˈbʌf.ət/

動詞

buffet (third-person singular simple present buffets, present participle buffeting or buffetting, simple past and past participle buffeted or buffetted)

1. (transitive) To strike with a buffet; to cuff; to slap.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 26:67:

     They spit in his face and buffeted him.

2. (transitive, figurative) To aggressively challenge, denounce, or criticise.
   • 1977 August 20, Robert Etherington, “John Horne Burns and His Enemies”, in Gay Community News, volume 5, number 7, page 10:

     Is Burns obscure because he was gay and therefore ignorable until the Gay Rights Movement began? Or does he largely deserve his neglect? An answer requires that one examine not only Burns' books, but also the critical environment in which he was much buffeted — which, we are told, drove him to an early grave.

   • 2013 May 23, Sarah Lyall, “British Leader’s Liberal Turn Sets Off a Rebellion in His Party”, in New York Times, retrieved 29 May 2013:

     Buffeted by criticism of his policy on Europe, battered by rebellion in the ranks over his bill to legalize same-sex marriage and wounded by the perception that he is supercilious, contemptuous and out of touch with mainstream Conservatism, Mr. Cameron earlier this week took the highly unusual step of sending a mass e-mail (or, as he called it, “a personal note”) to his party’s grass-roots members.

3. To affect as with blows; to strike repeatedly; to strive with or contend against.

   to buffet the billows

   • 1726, William Broome, epistle to Elijah Fenton:

     The sudden hurricane in thunder roars, / Buffets the bark, and whirls it from the shores.

   • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, “Ch. I”, in A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier:

     [...] I buffetted heat and mosquetoes, and got the hay all up [...]

   • 1887, William Black, “A Keepsake”, in Sabina Zembra […], volume III, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 146:

     You are lucky fellows who can live in a dreamland of your own, instead of being buffeted about the world—

   • 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 288:

     Atlantic gales constantly buffet Morwenstow, whose seven hamlets together constitute Cornwall's most northerly parish. The village is dotted with trees moulded into weird shapes by the wind, and above the trees rise the vicarage chimneystacks resembling miniature church towers.

4. To deaden the sound of (bells) by muffling the clapper.
5. (intransitive) To struggle, contend; also in figurative or extended use: to move as if driven by force.
   • 2012, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], “Tug of War”, in Ratburger, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN, pages 200–201:

     Again the chirpy tone did nothing to pacify the woman holding on to her ankles. Soon Zoe was buffeting back and forward through the hole.

Further reading

• buffet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

語源 1

Borrowed from Old French bufet, buffet, diminutive of buffe.

別の表記

• boffat, boffet, bofett

名詞

buffet (plural buffettes)

1. A buffet (strike or blow, especially with one's hand).

関連する語

• buffeten

派生した語

• English: buffet
• Scots: buffet

参照

• “buffet, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

Borrowed from Middle French bufet (“side table”), from Old French bufet, of unknown origin.

別の表記

• bofet, buffett, buffit

名詞

buffet

1. (Late Middle English) stool
   • 15th c., “Coliphizacio [The Buffeting]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 239:

     primus tortor. we shall teche hym, I wote / a new play of yoyll,
     And hold hym full hote / frawrord, a stoyll
     Go fetch vs!
     ffroward. We, dote! / now els were it doyll
     And vnneth;
     ffor the wo that he shall dre
     let hym knele on his kne.
     Secundus tortor. And so shall he for me;
     Go fetch vs a light buffit.

     First torturer: We shall teach him, I say, a new Christmas-time game, and treat him very hotly—Froward, go fetch us a stool!
     Froward: Whoa! Fool! We wouldn't want this to be painful and difficult. For the sake of the pain that he shall dread, let him kneel.
     Second torturer: And he shall [dread it] on my account. Go fetch us a light stool.

派生した語

• English: buffet, beaufet (archaic) (remodelled after modern French)
  • → Japanese: ビュッフェ (byuffe)
  • → Korean: 뷔페 (bwipe)
• ⇒ Scots: buffet stule

参照

• “buffet, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.