buffetとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From French buffet.

発音

• (英国用法) enPR: bo͝o'fā, bŭ'fā; IPA^(key): /ˈbʊfeɪ/, /ˈbʌfeɪ/
• (米国用法) enPR: bəfā', IPA^(key): /bəˈfeɪ/

名詞

buffet (複数形 buffets)

1. A counter or sideboard from which food and drinks are served or may be bought.

   Synonyms: sideboard, smorgasbord, (廃れた用法) cupboard

   • 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], “A Court Ball”, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, OCLC 491297620, page 9:

     They stayed together during three dances, went out on to the terrace, explored wherever they were permitted to explore, paid two visits to the buffet, and enjoyed themselves much in the same way as if they had been school-children surreptitiously breaking loose from an assembly of grown-ups.

2. Food laid out in this way, to which diners serve themselves.

   Synonyms: buffet meal, smorgasbord

3. A small stool; a stool for a buffet or counter.
   • c. 15th century, author unknown, Wakefield Mystery Plays

     Go fetche us a light buffet.

派生した語

• → Japanese: ビュッフェ (byuffe)
• → Korean: 뷔페 (bwipe)

語源 2

From Middle English buffet, from Old French buffet, diminutive of buffe, cognate with Italian buffetto. See buffer, buffoon, and compare German puffen (“to jostle, to hustle”).

発音

• enPR: bŭfʹĭt, IPA^(key): /ˈbʌfɪt/

名詞

buffet (複数形 buffets)

1. A blow or cuff with or as if with the hand, or by any other solid object or the wind.

   Synonyms: blow, (by any solid object) collision, (with the hand) cuff

   • 1805, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lay of the Last Minstrel: A Poem, London: […] [James Ballantyne] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], and A[rchibald] Constable and Co., […], OCLC 1001655651:

     On his cheek a buffet fell.

   • October 30, 1795, Edmund Burke, letter to Lord Auckland

     those planks of tough and hardy oak that used for years to brave the buffets of the Bay of Biscay

   • 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VII and XIV:

     Kipper stood blinking, as I had sometimes seen him do at the boxing tourneys in which he indulged when in receipt of a shrewd buffet on some tender spot like the tip of the nose.

語源 3

From Middle English buffeten, from Old French buffeter, from the noun (see above).

発音

• enPR: bŭfʹĭt, IPA^(key): /ˈbʌfɪt/

動詞

buffet (三人称単数 現在形 buffets, 現在分詞 buffeting または buffetting, 過去形および過去分詞形 buffeted または buffetted)

1. (transitive) To strike with a buffet; to cuff; to slap.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Matthew 26:67:

     They spit in his face and buffeted him.

2. (transitive, figuratively) to aggressively challenge, denounce, or criticise.
   • 2013 May 23, Sarah Lyall, "British Leader’s Liberal Turn Sets Off a Rebellion in His Party," New York Times (retrieved 29 May 2013):

     Buffeted by criticism of his policy on Europe, battered by rebellion in the ranks over his bill to legalize same-sex marriage and wounded by the perception that he is supercilious, contemptuous and out of touch with mainstream Conservatism, Mr. Cameron earlier this week took the highly unusual step of sending a mass e-mail (または, as he called it, “a personal note”) to his party’s grass-roots members.

3. To affect as with blows; to strike repeatedly; to strive with or contend against.

   to buffet the billows

   • 1726, William Broome, epistle to Elijah Fenton

     The sudden hurricane in thunder roars, / Buffets the bark, and whirls it from the shores.

   • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier, Ch. I:

     [...] I buffetted heat and mosquetoes, and got the hay all up [...]

   • 1887, William Black, “A Keepsake”, in Sabina Zembra: A Novel [...] In Three Volumes, volume III, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., OCLC 22523627, page 146:

     You are lucky fellows who can live in a dreamland of your own, instead of being buffeted about the world—

4. To deaden the sound of (bells) by muffling the clapper.

語源 4

Possibly from Middle French buffet (“side table”), of unknown origin.

名詞

buffet (複数形 buffets)

1. A low stool; a hassock.

Further reading

• buffet on Wikipedia.