英和和英

読み方 しのぐ

他動詞

1

（＝耐える）to endure; to bear; to stand

用例

• 暑さをしのぐ
  to stand the heat―（防ぐの意味なら）―keep out the heat

• 寒さをしのぐ
  to stand the cold―（防ぐの意味なら）―keep out the cold
• 暑さより寒さの方がしのぎ好い
  Cold is easier to stand―easier to bear―than heat.
• 酷暑しのぎ難し
  The intense heat is unendurable―past endurance―past bearing―not to be borne―unbearable.
• 朝夕はしのぎ好くなりました
  The mornings and evenings are getting cooler.

〈以下特例〉

用例

• 空腹をしのぐ
  to satisfy one's appetite―stay the stomach

• 兵は生米を噛って空腹をしのいだ
  The men satisfied their appetite on raw rice.
• ほんの御空腹おしのぎです
  What I offer you is only to stay the stomach for a time.
• 退屈をしのぐ
  to relieve the tedium―beguile the tedium―beguile the time―while away the time―kill time―occupy one's attention
• どうして退屈をしのぐか
  How do you kill time?
  What do you occupy your mind with?
• この本は退屈しのぎに好い
  The book will serve to kill time.
• 退屈しのぎには読書に限る
  Reading is a good kill―time―a great resource.
• 風波をしのぐ
  to brave the wind and waves
• 船は風波をしのいだ
  The ship braved the wind and waves―braved the elements.
• 不幸をしのぐ
  to bear up under misfortune―hold up under misfortune―have fortitude under misfortune

2

（＝防ぐ）to keep out （the heat, the cold, the rain）; to keep off （danger, rain）; to keep away （hunger, etc.）

用例

• 寒さをしのぐにはちょっと一杯
  A wee drop to keep out the cold.

• 暑さをしのぐには氷水
  Iced-water to keep out the heat.
• 西洋人は多く軽井沢へ行って暑さをしのぐ
  Most foreigners pass the summer at Karuizawa―go to Karuizawa for the summer.
• 暑さをしのぐには海水浴が一番だ
  The seaside is the best place to pass the summer―Sea―bathing is the best way to pass the summer.
• 熱海へ行って寒さをしのごう
  I will pass the winter at Atami―go to Atami for the winter.
• 飢渇をしのぐ
  to keep off starvation―keep hunger away 【イディオム・格言的には：】“keep the wolf from the door.”
• 飢渇をしのぎ得れば足る
  I only wish to keep the wolf from the door.
• 雨露をしのぐ
  to keep out the rain―keep off the rain―shelter oneself （from the rain）―take shelter （from the rain）
• 屋根にて雨露をしのぐ
  The roof shelters us from the rain.
• ほんのあばら屋でようやく雨露をしのぐというだけだ
  It is a tumble―down cottage that will barely keep out the rain―barely shelter you from the rain.
• どうかこうか雨露だけはしのいでいる
  We live under a roof
  We have a roof over us
  We have something to live under
  We are under cover.
• 彼らは雨露もしのげない
  They have no shelter―no roof over their heads―nothing to shelter them from the rain.
• 神社に寝て一夜の雨露をしのいだ
  I took shelter in a shrine for a night―（他動詞構文にすれば）―A shrine afforded me shelter for a night.
• 船は島蔭に避難して暴風をしのいだ
  The ship lay under the lee of an island during the storm―took shelter from the storm under the lee of an island.

3

（＝過ごす、打勝つ）to get over, tide over, bridge over （a difficulty）; to hold out, stand out （a crisis）; to ride out, weather out （a storm）; to come through, pull through （a danger or an illness）

用例

• 困難をしのぐ
  to get over a difficulty―tide over a difficulty―bridge over a difficulty―weather （out） a difficulty

• この困難をしのげば後は楽だ
  If we tide over this difficulty, we shall be in smooth water.
• これらの困難をしのいで進んだ
  We advanced amidst all these difficulties.
• 危機をしのぐ
  to hold out a crisis―stand out a crisis―weather （out） a crisis―tide over a crisis
• この危機をしのげば銀行は安全だ
  If we hold out this crisis, the bank is safe.
• これだけ有れば一時はしのげる
  I can tide over the crisis―bridge over the difficulty―With this sum―（他動詞構文にすれば）―This sum will help me to tide over the crisis―bridge over the difficulty.
• 不景気には月給取りの方が商人よりもしのぎやすい
  Salaried people can tide over bad times better than tradespeople.
• 船が暴風雨をしのぐ
  A ship rides out a storm―weathers （out） a storm.
• 本船は暴風雨をしのいで出港した
  We put to sea amidst the storm.
• 病気をしのぐ
  to come through an illness―pull through an illness
• 今度の病気はしのげるつもりだ
  I hope I shall pull through.
• あの医者にかかって病気をしのいだ
  The doctor pulled me through.
• その日をしのぐ
  to live―keep body and soul together―keep the wolf from the door
• 月百円では一家五人がその日をしのいで行けぬ
  A family of five can not live on 100 yen a month.
• 彼らは貧乏でその日がしのげぬ
  They are too poor to keep the wolf from the door.
• 彼らはやっとその日その日をしのいでいる
  They barely manage to live on from day to day―keep body and soul together.
• これだけ米があれば今月だけはしのげる
  This rice will last us through the month.
• これだけ薪があればこの冬はしのげる
  This fuel will last us through the winter.

4

（＝越える）to rise above （the clouds）

用例

• 頂上は雲を凌ぐ
  The summit rises above the clouds―towers above the clouds―soars above the clouds.

• コンドル鳥は雲を凌いで飛揚する
  The condor soars above the clouds.
• 彼の声は暴風雨の音を凌いで聞こえた
  His voice was to be heard above the din of the storm.

5

（＝凌駕する）to surpass （the others in some quality）; to exceed （the others in quantity or number）; to distance, outdistance （one's rival）; to outdo, outrival, outstrip, outshine, eclipse, efface, extinguish （the others）; to throw （the others） into the shade; to get ahead of （the others）

用例

• 象は力量においてすべての動物を凌ぐ
  The elephant surpasses all other animals in strength.

• ロンドンは大きさや人口において他の大都会を凌ぐ
  London exceeds all other cities in size and population.
• 彼は英語では全級を凌いでいる
  He is ahead of his class in English.
• 彼は今に先生を凌ぐだろう
  He will soon outdo his teacher―outshine his teacher―eclipse his teacher.
• 彼は競争者を優に凌いだ
  He has far distanced his rivals―far outdistanced his rivals―soared above his rivals.
• 彼の名声は先輩を凌いでいる（先輩は顔色無しだ）
  He has thrown his seniors into the shade.
• 老人は壮者を凌ぐ勢いだ
  The old man outdoes the young―effaces the young―extinguishes the young.
• その豪奢王侯を凌ぐ
  They vie with royalty in splendour.

6

（＝侮る）to slight; to defy; to set （anything） at defiance; to set （anything） at nought; to hold （people） cheap

用例

• 長者を凌ぐものでない
  You should not slight your superiors.

• 上を凌ぐ
  to defy authority―set authority at naught
• 彼は凌がれているような人じゃない
  He is not the man to suffer his authority to be set at naught.
• あの男は人を凌ぐふうが有る
  He is apt to hold people cheap.
• 梅は雪を凌いで咲く
  The plum tree blossoms in defiance of the snow.