basiliskとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English basilicke, borrowed from Old French basilique, from Latin basiliscus, from Ancient Greek βασιλίσκος (basilískos, “字義どおりに, a minor king または chieftain; also, possibly based on descriptions または まれに encounters with different types of cobras could have given rise to the mythical snake "Basilisk", as certain cobras have crown-like patterns on their heads. The "deadly gaze" of the basilisk could have been from the "spitting cobras" ability to spit their venom into the eyes of any predators または prey from a distance”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”). The cognitohazard/infohazard sense is by analogy with the deadly gaze of the mythical creature.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbæs.ɪ.lɪsk/, /ˈbæz.ɪ.lɪsk/

名詞

basilisk (複数形 basilisks)

1. A mythical snake-like dragon, so venomous that even its gaze was deadly.

   the deadly look of the basilisk

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, OCLC 1167497017:

     And without more ado she [...] fixed her wonderful eyes upon me - more deadly than any Basilisk's - and pierced me through and through with their beauty, and sent her light laugh ringing through the air like chimes of silver bells.

   • 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 249:

     As a revolutionary act of prophecy in an age of political science, Wissenkunst is a unique and anarchic expression of freedom, and not a new and aspiring system of indoctrination. If Wissenkunst is itself turned into political apologetics, then the fabulous plumed serpent is turned into a monster, a basilisk.

2. (science fiction) An infohazard or cognitohazard, especially a Langford's basilisk.
   • 2019 June 13, Tom Chivers, The AI Does Not Hate You‎^[1], Orion Publishing Group, →ISBN:

     A basilisk, in this context, is information that can hurt you simply because you are aware of it.

3. (heraldry) A type of dragon used in heraldry.
4. A tree-dwelling type of lizard of the genus Basiliscus: the basilisk lizard.
   • 1965 (March), Boys' Life (page 52)

     As a guide to start your collection we'd suggest either iguanas, tejus, swifts, basilisks, horned toads or alligator lizards.

5. A type of large brass cannon.
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act IV, scene i:

     Awake ye men of Memphis, heare the clange
     Of Scythian trumpets, heare the Baſiliſkes,
     That roaring, ſhake Damaſcus turrets downe, […]

派生語

形容詞

basilisk (not comparable)

1. Suggesting a basilisk (snake-like dragon): baleful, spellbinding.
   • 1870, The British drama: illustrated, volume 4, page 997:

     Well, She is so basilisk; there's no death in her eyes […]

   • 1884, M. L. O'Byrne, Ill-won Peerages, Or, An Unhallowed Union, page 126:

     her gaze became more basilisk in its expression, and her countenance bore some similitude to that of a handsome fiend

   • 2004, Witi Tame Ihimaera, Whanau II, page 167:

     He had never seen her quite like this, so basilisk, so frightening