latherとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: lä'thə, lăth'ə, IPA: /ˈlɑː.ðə/, /ˈlæð.ə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈlæð.ɚ/
• 韻: -æðə(ɹ), -ɑːðə(ɹ)
• 異形同音異義語: lava, larva (Cockney)

語源 1

From 中期英語 lather, from 古期英語 lēaþor (“a kind of nitre used for soap, soda”), from Proto-West Germanic *lauþr, from Proto-Germanic *lauþrą (“that which is used for washing, soap”), from Proto-Indo-European *lówh₃trom (“that which is used for washing”), from *lewh₃-, *lowh₃- (“to wash, bathe”). Cognate with Swedish lödder (“lather, foam, froth, soap”), Icelandic löður (“foam, froth, a kind of niter used for soap”), Old Irish loathar (“wash-basin”), Ancient Greek λουτρόν (loutrón, “a bath, wash-room”), Latin lavō (“to wash”), Albanian laj (“to wash”), Ancient Greek λούω (loúō). More at lye.

Compare typologically Russian мы́ло (mýlo) (a nomen instrumenti of мыть (mytʹ)).

名詞

lather (countable and uncountable, plural lathers)

1. (countable, uncountable) The foam made by rapidly stirring soap and water.

   Synonyms: suds, soap suds

   • 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 1: Telemachus]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part I [Telemachia], page 3:

     Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl of lather on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed.

2. (countable, uncountable) Foam from profuse sweating, as of a horse.
3. (countable) A state of agitation.

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 *lethren, from 古期英語 lēþrian, lȳþrian, *līeþrian (“to anoint, smear, lather”), from 古期英語 lēaþor (“a kind of niter used for soap, soda”). See above.

動詞

lather (third-person singular simple present lathers, present participle lathering, simple past and past participle lathered)

1. (transitive) To cover with lather.

   I lathered my body with lavender-scented soap.

2. (transitive) To beat or whip.
3. (intransitive) To form lather or froth, as a horse does when profusely sweating.

   Synonyms: spume, suds, foam, froth

   • 1997, Haruki Murakami, translated by Jay Rubin, The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.; republished New York: Vintage Books, 1998, →ISBN, page 147:

     I woke Corporal Honda to see to the horse. Heavily lathered and breathing hard, it had obviously come a long way at high speed.

派生語

アナグラム

• relath, Hartel, Hartle, halter, thaler, Thaler, Thrale, rathel