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Wiktionary英語版での「organum」の意味 |
organum
語源
Borrowed from Latin organum, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “organ, instrument, tool”). Doublet of organ, organon, and orgue.
名詞
organum (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 organums または organa)
- (music) A type of medieval polyphony which builds upon an existing plainsong.
- (archaic) A method by which philosophical or scientific investigation may be conducted.
- 1794, George Adams, Lectures on natural and experimental philosophy:
- 1823, Thomas Wirgman, An Entirely New, Complete and Permanent Science of Philosophy:
- Another important circumstance respecting our transcendental esthetics is, that it does not insinuate itself merely as a plausible hypothesis, but is as certain and indubitable as we can require any theory to be in order to serve as an organum.
Latin
語源
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “organ, instrument, tool”).
発音
名詞
organum n (genitive organī); second declension
ウィキペディア英語版での「organum」の意味 |
Organum
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/07/10 19:27 UTC 版)
英語による解説
ウィキペディア英語版からの引用
引用
Organum (
/ˈɔrɡənəm/ or /ɔrˈɡanəm/; Greek: ὄργανον - organon "organ, instrument, tool") is, in general, a plainchant melody with at least one added voice to enhance the harmony, developed in the Middle Ages. Depending on the mode and form of the chant, a supporting bass line (or bourdon) may be sung on the same text, the melody may be followed in parallel motion (parallel organum), or a combination of both of these techniques may be employed. As no real independent second voice exists, this is a form of heterophony. In its earliest stages, organum involved two musical voices: a Gregorian chant melody, and the same melody transposed by a consonant interval, usually a perfect fifth or fourth. In these cases the composition often began and ended on a unison, the added voice keeping to the initial tone until the first part has reached a fifth or fourth, from where both voices proceeded in parallel harmony, with the reverse process at the end. Organum was originally improvised; while one singer performed a notated melody (the vox principalis), another singer—singing "by ear"—provided the unnotated second melody (the vox organalis). Over time, composers began to write added parts that were not just simple transpositions, thus creating true polyphony.
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、Wiktionaryのorganum (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wikipedia英語版」の記事は、WikipediaのOrganum (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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| CMUdict | CMUdict is Copyright (C) 1993-2008 by Carnegie Mellon University. |
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