musterとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English musteren, borrowed from Anglo-Norman mostrer, Middle French monstrer, moustrer (whence the noun monstre, which gave the English noun), from Latin mōnstrō (“to show”), from moneō (“to admonish”). Cognate with French montrer (“to show”), Italian mostrare (“to show”), Spanish mostrar (“to show”). See also monster.

発音

• (英国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈmʌs.tə/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈmʌs.tɚ/
• Rhymes: -ʌstə(ɹ)

名詞

muster (複数形 musters)

1. Gathering.
   1. An assemblage or display; a gathering, collection of people or things. [from 14th c.]
      • 1743, Richard Steele & Joseph Addison, The Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq.:

        She seems to hear the Repetition of his Mens Names with Admiration; and waits only to answer him with as false a Muster of Lovers.

      • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 11, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

        Of the temporal grandees of the realm, and of their wives and daughters, the muster was great and splendid.

      • 1920, Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia, Issue 13,

        The figures from 1788 to 1825 inclusive, as already mentioned, are based on the musters taken in those years; those for subsequent years are based upon estimates made on the basis of Census results and the annual […] .

   2. (military) An assembling or review of troops, as for parade, verification of numbers, inspection, exercise, or introduction into service. [from 15th c.]
      • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

        Come, let vs take a muster speedily: / Doomesday is neere; dye all, dye merrily.

      • 1663 July 14 (date written; Gregorian calendar)​, Samuel Pepys; Mynors Bright, transcriber, “July 4th, 1663”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume (please specify |volume=I to X), London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893–1899, OCLC 1016700617:

        And after long being there, I 'light, and walked to the place where the King, Duke &c., did stand to see the horse and foot march by and discharge their guns, to show a French Marquisse (for whom this muster was caused) the goodness of our firemen […]

      • 2010, Ohtar, "Enthroned", Slechtvalk, A Forlorn Throne.

        To shorten his way and to hasten for the muster he takes a long lost road.

   3. The sum total of an army when assembled for review and inspection; the whole number of effective men in an army.
      • 1594–1597, Richard Hooker, J[ohn] S[penser], editor, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, OCLC 931154958, (please specify the page):

        Ye publish the musters of your own bands, and proclaim them to amount of thousands.

   4. (Australia, New Zealand) A roundup of livestock for inspection, branding, drenching, shearing etc. [from 19th c.]
      • 2006, John Gilfoyle, Bloody Jackaroos!, Boolarong Press:

        McGuire took the two of them out to Kidman's Bore on the Sylvester River where about two dozen stockmen from different stations had gathered to tend the muster along the edge of the Simpson Desert.

2. Showing.
   1. (obsolete) Something shown for imitation; a pattern. [15th–19th c.]
   2. (obsolete) An act of showing something; a display. [15th–17th c.]
      • 1590, Sir Philip Sidney, Arcadia, Book III:

        Thus all things being condignely ordered, will an ill favoured impatiencie he waited, until the next morning he might make a muster of him selfe in the Iland [...].

      • 1647, Beaumont and Fletcher, The Queen of Corinth, Act 2:

        And when you find your women's favour fail, / 'Tis ten to one you'll know yourself, and seek me, / Upon a better muster of your manners.

   3. A collection of peafowl (an invented term rather than one used by zoologists). [from 15th c.]

同意語

• (review): review, parade, military parade

派生語

• pass muster
• bangtail muster

動詞

muster (三人称単数 現在形 musters, 現在分詞 mustering, 過去形および過去分詞形 mustered)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To show, exhibit. [15th–17th c.]
2. (intransitive) To be gathered together for parade, inspection, exercise, or the like (especially of a military force); to come together as parts of a force or body. [from 15th c.]
   • 1859, Charles Dickens, The Haunted House:

     We were then in the third week of November; but, we took our measures so vigorously, and were so well seconded by the friends in whom we confided, that there was still a week of the month unexpired, when our party all came down together merrily, and mustered in the haunted house.

3. (transitive) To collect, call or assemble together, such as troops or a group for inspection, orders, display etc. [from 15th c.]
   • 12 July 2012, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift

     With the help of some low-end boosting, Dinklage musters a decent amount of kid-appropriate menace—although he never does explain his gift for finding chunks of ice shaped like pirate ships—but Romano and Leary mainly sound bored, droning through their lines as if they’re simultaneously texting the contractors building the additions on their houses funded by their fat sequel paychecks.

4. (transitive, US) To enroll (into service). [from 19th c.]
5. (transitive, Australia, New Zealand) To gather or round up livestock.

同意語

• (gather, unite): rally
• (gather troops for review): parade

派生語

• muster in
• muster out
• muster up