drillとは

語源 1

From Middle Dutch drillen (“bore, move in a circle”)

動詞

drill (三人称単数 現在形 drills, 現在分詞 drilling, 過去形および過去分詞形 drilled)

1. (transitive) To create (a hole) by removing material with a drill (tool).

   Drill a small hole to start the screw in the right direction.

2. (intransitive) To practice, especially in (または as in) a military context.

   They drilled daily to learn the routine exactly.

   • 2017 May 13, Barney Ronay, “Antonio Conte’s brilliance has turned Chelsea’s pop-up team into champions”, in the Guardian‎^[1]:

     On his return the team that faced Hull City had been reconfigured. Moses wasn’t overly drilled, just told he would be playing right wing-back, that Conte had seen enough to know.

3. (ergative) To cause to drill (practice); to train in military arts.

   The sergeant was up by 6:00 every morning, drilling his troops.

   • Macaulay

     He [Frederic the Great] drilled his people, as he drilled his grenadiers.

4. (transitive) To repeat an idea frequently in order to encourage someone to remember it.

   The instructor drilled into us the importance of reading the instructions.

5. (intransitive) To investigate or examine something in more detail or at a different level

   Drill deeper and you may find the underlying assumptions faulty.

6. (transitive) To hit or kick with a lot of power.
   • 2006, Joe Coon, The Perfect Game,

     He did get their attention when he drilled the ball dead center into the hole for an opening birdie.

   • 2007, Craig Cowell, Muddy Sunday,

     Without compromising he drilled the ball home, leaving Dynamos' ill-fated keeper diving for fresh air.

   • 2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC‎^[2]:

     Bolton were then just inches from taking the lead, but the dangerous-looking Taylor drilled just wide after picking up a loose ball following Jose Bosingwa's poor attempted clearance.

7. (baseball) To hit someone with a pitch, especially in an intentional context.
8. (slang, vulgar) To have sexual intercourse with; to penetrate.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Family Guy - Brian Griffin

     Is this going to take long? I've got a hot date to drill the flautist at the symphony tonight.

9. (transitive) To cause to flow in drills or rills or by trickling; to drain by trickling.

   waters drilled through a sandy stratum

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Thomson to this entry?)

10. (transitive) To sow (seeds) by dribbling them along a furrow or in a row.
11. (transitive, obsolete) To entice or allure; to decoy; with on.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Addison

      She drilled him on to five-and-fifty, and will drop him in his old age […]

12. (transitive, obsolete) To cause to slip or waste away by degrees.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Jonathan Swift

      This accident hath drilled away the whole summer.

名詞

drill (複数形 drills)

a battery-powered electric drill (the tool)

1. A tool used to remove material so as to create a hole, typically by plunging a rotating cutting bit into a stationary workpiece.

   Wear safety glasses when operating an electric drill.

2. The portion of a drilling tool that drives the bit.

   Use a drill with a wire brush to remove any rust or buildup.

3. An agricultural implement for making holes for sowing seed, and sometimes so formed as to contain seeds and drop them into the hole made.
   • 1993, John Banville, Ghosts

     I found down at the side of the house the remains of what must have once been a kitchen garden. Everything was choked with weeds and scutch grass, but the outlines of bed and drill were still there.

4. A light furrow or channel made to put seed into, when sowing.
5. A row of seed sown in a furrow.
6. An activity done as an exercise or practice (especially a military exercise), particularly in preparation for some possible future event or occurrence.
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     “[…] if you call my duds a ‘livery’ again there'll be trouble. It's bad enough to go around togged out like a life saver on a drill day, but I can stand that 'cause I'm paid for it. What I won't stand is to have them togs called a livery. […]”

   Regular fire drills can ensure that everyone knows how to exit safely in an emergency.

7. (obsolete) A small trickling stream; a rill.
   • Sandys

     Springs through the pleasant meadows pour their drills.

8. Any of several molluscs, of the genus Urosalpinx, especially the oyster drill (Urosalpinx cinerea), that drill holes in the shells of other animals.

引用

• For usage examples of this term, see Citations:drill.

派生語

関連する語

• drill bit
• twist drill
• drill press
• drill down

語源 2

Mandrillus leucophaeus

Probably of African origin; compare mandrill.

名詞

drill (複数形 drills)

1. An Old World monkey of West Africa, Mandrillus leucophaeus, similar in appearance to the mandrill, but lacking the colorful face.

Further reading

• Mandrillus leucophaeus on Wikipedia.
• Mandrillus leucophaeus on Wikispecies.
• Mandrillus leucophaeus on Wikimedia Commons.

語源 3

From German Drillich (“denim, canvas, drill”).

名詞

drill (複数形 drills)

1. A strong, durable cotton fabric with a strong bias (diagonal) in the weave.

同意語

• chino

派生語

• khaki drill, KD