chuckとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /tʃʌk/
• 韻: -ʌk

語源 1

Variant of chock.

名詞

chuck (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 chucks)

1. (cooking) Meat from the shoulder of a cow or other animal.
   • 1975, Thomas Fabbricante, William J. Sultan, Practical Meat Cutting and Merchandising: Beef, page 141,

     Arm chucks represent approximately 54% of the beef forequarters.

   • 2001, Bruce Aidells, Denis Kelly, The Complete Meat Cookbook: A Juicy and Authoritative Guide, page 190:

     Often, pieces of the chuck are sold boneless as flat chunks of meat or rolled and tied.

   • 2006, North American Meat Processors Association, The Meat Buyers Guide: Beef, Lamb, Veal, Pork, and Poultry, page 113,

     The chucks are that portion of foresaddle remaining after excluding the hotel rack and plate portions of the breast as described in Item No. 306. The veal foreshanks (Item No. 312) and brisket may either be attached or separated and packaged with the chucks.

2. (US, slang, dated) Food.
   • 1951, Frederick Feikema Manfred, Riders of Judgment (Second Edition, 2014), →ISBN, (Google preview):

     “Hambone, how's for chuck?”

     Hambone removed pipe from mouth, slowly. “Wal, I reckon I still got a few whistleberries left. Some sonofabitch stew mabbe. A few shot biscuits.”

3. (mechanical engineering) A mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.
   • 1824, Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), Transactions, Volume 42, page 88,

     I have had a chuck of this kind made in brass with the cones of iron, but it is cumbrous and expensive, and does not answer so well, owing to the surface of the iron offering less resistance to the work turning within it. This, perhaps, might be remedied by roughing; but I think the chuck is much better in wood, as it can be made by any common turner at a trifling expense, and possesses more strength than can possibly be required.

   • 1912, Fred Herbert Colvin, Frank Arthur Stanley, American Machinist Grinding Book, page 322,

     Iron and steel in contact with magnets retain some of the magnetism, which is sometimes more or less of a nuisance in getting small work off the chucks.

   • 2003, Julie K. Petersen, “chuck”, entry in Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary, page 181,

     A fiber optic splicing device may be equipped with V-grooves or chucks to hold the two pieces of fiber optic filament to be spliced. If it has chucks, they are typically either clamping chucks or vacuum chucks.

   • 2008, Ramon Francis Bonaquist, NHCRP Report 614: Refining the Simple Performance Tester for Use in Routine Practice, page 30,

     The first step in preparing a test specimen with the FlexPrep^TM is to secure the gyratory specimen in the chuck of the machine.

動詞

chuck (三人称単数 現在形 chucks, 現在分詞 chucking, 過去形および過去分詞形 chucked)

1. To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning.
2. To bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck.

語源 2

Onomatopoeic dialect term for chicken, imitative of a hen's cluck.

名詞

chuck (複数形 chucks)

2. (dialect, obsolete) A chicken, a hen.
3. A clucking sound.
   • 1998, Scott Freeman, Jon C. Herron, Evolutionary Analysis, page 604,

     The call always starts with a whine, to which the males add from 0 to 6 chucks. In choice tests, females approach calls that contain chucks in preference to calls that contain no chucks.

4. (slang) A friend or close acquaintance; term of endearment.

   Are you all right, chuck?

   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene ii]:

     Pray, chuck, come hither.

動詞

chuck (三人称単数 現在形 chucks, 現在分詞 chucking, 過去形および過去分詞形 chucked)

1. To make a clucking sound.
2. To call, as a hen her chickens.
   • 1700, [John] Dryden, “The Cock and the Fox: Or, The Tale of the Nun’s Priest, from Chaucer”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:

     Then crowing clapped his wing, th'appointed call
     To chuck his wives together in the hall.

3. (obsolete) To chuckle; to laugh.
   • 1598, John Marston, “Satyre IV”, in The Metamorphosis of Pigmalions Image, and Certaine Satyres (poem):

     Who would not chuck to see such pleasing sport.
     To see such troupes of gallants still resort
     unto Cornutos shop.

語源 3

Probably from Old French chuquer, later choquer (“to knock, hit”).

名詞

chuck (複数形 chucks)

1. A gentle touch or tap.

   She gave him an affectionate chuck under the chin.

2. (informal) A casual throw.
3. (cricket, informal) A throw, an incorrect bowling action.
4. (slang) An act or instance of vomiting.
5. (music) On rhythm guitar or mandolin etc., the muting of a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.

動詞

chuck (三人称単数 現在形 chucks, 現在分詞 chucking, 過去形および過去分詞形 chucked)

1. To touch or tap gently.
   • 1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, III.ii:

     [Y]ou look now as you did before we were married—when you used to walk with me under the Elms, and tell me stories of what a Gallant you were in your youth—and chuck me under the chin you would—and ask me if I thought I could love an old Fellow who would deny me nothing—didn't you?

2. (transitive, informal) To throw, especially in a careless or inaccurate manner.

   Chuck that magazine to me, would you?

3. (intransitive, cricket) To throw; to bowl with an incorrect action.
4. (transitive, informal) To discard, to throw away.

   Synonym: chuck out

   This food's gone off - you'd better chuck it.

   • 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:

     When Dangerfield put the little roll in his hand, Irons looked suspicious and frightened, and balanced it in his palm, as if he had thoughts of chucking it from him, as though it were literally a satanic douceur. But it is hard to part with money, and Irons, though he still looked cowed and unhappy, put the money into his breeches' pocket, and he made a queer bow […]

5. (transitive, informal) To jilt; to dump.

   She's chucked me for another man!

6. (transitive, informal, dated) To give up; to stop doing; to quit.
   • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, Sydney: Ure Smith, published 1962, page 101:

     "When he got religion old Joe stuck every penny away in the Savings Bank, and when he chucked religion he'd draw out the lot and go on a bender that landed him in the horrors, like as not."

7. (intransitive, slang) To vomit.
8. (South Africa, slang, intransitive) To leave; to depart; to bounce.

   Let's chuck.

9. (music) On rhythm guitar or mandolin etc.: to mute a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.

派生語