nerveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /nɝv/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /nɜːv/
• (NYC) IPA^(key): /nɜɪv/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /nɛɾv/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)v

名詞

nerve (複数形 nerves)

2. A bundle of neurons with their connective tissue sheaths, blood vessels and lymphatics.

   Hyponyms: see Thesaurus:nerve

   The nerves can be seen through the skin.

4. (nonstandard, colloquial) A neuron.
6. (botany) A vein in a leaf; a grain in wood.

   Some plants have ornamental value because of their contrasting nerves.

8. Courage; boldness; audacity; gall.

   He had the nerve to enter my house uninvited.

   He hasn't the nerve to tell her he likes her.

   • 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XVIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:

     “Oh?” she said. “So you have decided to revise my guest list for me? You have the nerve, the – the –” I saw she needed helping out. “Audacity,” I said, throwing her the line. “The audacity to dictate to me who I shall have in my house.” It should have been “whom”, but I let it go. “You have the –” “Crust.” “– the immortal rind,” she amended, and I had to admit it was stronger, “to tell me whom” – she got it right that time – “I may entertain at Brinkley Court and who” – wrong again – “I may not.”

   Synonyms: brashness, brazenness, balls; see also Thesaurus:courage

   • 2013, Daniel Taylor, Jack Wilshere scores twice to ease Arsenal to victory over Marseille (in The Guardian, 26 November 2013)[2]

     A trip to the whistling, fire-cracking Stadio San Paolo is always a test of nerve but Wenger's men have already outplayed the Italians once.

   • 2021 September 2, Phil McNulty, “Hungary 0-4 England”, in BBC‎^[3]:

     Southgate's side kept their nerve and discipline in the unsettling, intimidating surroundings of Budapest, with the behaviour of Hungary's fans leaving much to be desired, to turn up the heat and punish their opponents ruthlessly once they had gone ahead.

10. Patience; stamina; endurance, fortitude.

    The web-team found git-sed is really a time and nerve saver when doing mass changes on your repositories

    • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, lines 639–640, pages 42–43:

      He led me on to mightiest deeds, / Above the nerve of mortal arm.

12. (in the plural) One's neural structures considered collectively as, and conceptually equated with, one's psyche;

    All these rationalizations for asinine behavior are getting on my nerves.

    His nerves could no longer handle the worry.

14. (in the plural) mental agitation caused by fear, stress or other negative emotions.
    • 1997, Harvey Danger (lyrics かつ music), “Flagpole Sitta”, in Where Have All the Merrymakers Gone?:

      Put me in the hospital for nerves and then they had to commit me

    Ellie had a bad case of nerves before the big test; she was a bundle of nerves.

15. (polymer technology) The elastic resistance of raw rubber or other polymers to permanent deformation during processing.

    A nervy tank lining will be difficult to lay around tight bends or in corners because it tends to spring back.^[1]

    • 1959, Newell A Perry, Eric O Ridgway, US patent US2870103 A[4]

      The nerviness (ability to recover quickly from strain または stretching) ... generally requires it to be broken down or masticated on the mill before the other compounding ingredients are added. In the break-down operation, heat is inherently generated by the sheer action of the milling or mixing equipment on the polymer. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain the desired low temperatures during the milling or mixing... An object of this invention is to reduce the inherent nerve of ... polymers ... during break-down.

17. (obsolete) Sinew, tendon.
    • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

      Come on; obey: / Thy nerves are in their infancy again, / And have no vigour in them.

    • 1725, Homer, “Book X”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:

      Whilst thus their fury rages at the bay,
      My sword our cables cut, I call'd to weigh,
      And charg'd my men, as they from fate would fly,
      Each nerve to strain, each bending oar to ply.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

nerve (三人称単数 現在形 nerves, 現在分詞 nerving, 過去形および過去分詞形 nerved)

1. (transitive) To give courage.
   • 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

     The yellow-bearded Mailey, the old warrior, scarred with many combats and eager for more, stood beside his wife, the gentle squire who bore his weapons and nerved his arm.

   May their example nerve us to face the enemy.

   • 1861, Elizabeth Gaskell, The Grey Woman

     And how I strained my ears, and nerved my hands and limbs, beginning to twitch with convulsive movements, which I feared might betray me!

2. (transitive) To give strength; to supply energy or vigour.

   The liquor nerved up several of the men after their icy march.

   • 1907, Barbara Baynton, Sally Krimmer; Alan Lawson, editors, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 289:

     The shock nerved her, and she ran aimlessly till she fell, and for a time lay, but making a barrier of her arms, that the child should not be crushed.

使用する際の注意点

• Sometimes used with “up”.

同意語

• (give strength): See also Thesaurus:strengthen

参照

アナグラム

• Verne, erven, never

Latin

名詞

nerve

1. vocative singular of nervus