英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Latin duplex (“double, two-fold”), from duo (“two”) + plico (“fold together”); compare the roots of διπλόος (diplóos, “double”); compare also πλέκω (plékō, “twist, braid”). Surface analysis, duo- +‎ -plex.

発音

• (米国発音) enPR: do͞o'plĕks, IPA^(key): /ˈdu.plɛks/
• 韻: -uːplɛks

形容詞

duplex (not comparable)

1. Double; made up of two parts.
   1. (architecture) Having two floors.
   2. (architecture) Having two units, divisions, suites, or apartments.
   3. (metallurgy) Of stainless steel: having a structure containing austenite and ferrite in roughly equal proportions.
      • 2010, Harold M. Cobb, The History of Stainless Steel, Materials Park, O.H.: ASM International, →ISBN, page 189:

        Duplex stainless steels have been classified according to the first period (1930–1960) and second period (1960–1990). The designations for these duplex alloys in the United States have been primarily according to Unified Numbering System (UNS) numbers in the S3xxx.x series.

2. (telecommunications) Bidirectional (in two directions).

   Antonyms: simplex, unidirectional

   duplex telegraphy

3. (soil science) Having horizons with contrasting textures.
   • 1977, Australian Journal of Botany, volume 25, page 462:

     Soils are duplex, sandy and solodic. The dominant trees are the stringybark eucalypts […]

下位語

(bidirectional):

• full duplex
• half-duplex
• semiduplex

派生語

関連する語

名詞

duplex (複数形 duplexes または duplices)

1. (US, Canada) A house made up of two dwelling units.
   • 2020, Akwaeke Emezi, The Death of Vivek Oji, Faber & Faber Ltd, page 53:

     The house had been renovated into a duplex and he’d put in a phone line.

2. (US) A dwelling unit with two floors.
3. (philately) A cancellation combining a numerical cancellation with a second mark showing time, date, and place of posting.
4. (juggling) A throwing motion where two balls are thrown with one hand at the same time.
5. (biochemistry) A double-stranded polynucleotide.
6. (geology) A system of multiple thrust faults bounded above and below by a roof thrust and floor thrust.
   • 1993, David J. Lidke, Jack Burton Epstein, Chester A. Wallace, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, page 16:

     In contrast, the folds in the overlying lithotectonic unit 4 are larger and are cut by a series of faults in a duplex.

   • 1995, Robert D. Hatcher, Structural Geology: Principles, Concepts, and Problems, page 211:

     It has been noted, using a combination of surface geologic and seismic reflection data, that a duplex, although formed in response to movement of a thrust sheet, frequently arches the thrust sheet as the duplex is built by duplication of rocks beneath it […]

関連する語

参考

動詞

duplex (三人称単数 現在形 duplexes, 現在分詞 duplexing, 過去形および過去分詞形 duplexed)

1. To make duplex.
2. To make into a duplex.
3. (juggling) To make a series of duplex throws.

関連する語

Further reading

• Duplex on Wikipedia.
• Duplex stainless steel on Wikipedia.

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *dwipleks, formed from duo (“two”) +‎ -plex (“-fold”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈdu.pleks/, [ˈd̪ʊpɫ̪ɛks̠] or IPA^(key): /ˈdup.leks/, [ˈd̪ʊpɫ̪ɛks̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdu.pleks/, [ˈd̪uːpleks] or IPA^(key): /ˈdup.leks/, [ˈd̪upleks]

形容詞

duplex (genitive duplicis, adverb dupliciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

1. twofold, double
   • 44 BCE, Cicero, De Officiis 1.104:

     Duplex omnīnō est iocandī genus, ūnum illīberāle, petulāns, flāgitiōsum, obscēnum, alterum ēlegāns, urbānum, ingeniōsum, facētum.

     In all, there are two kinds of joking: one ignoble, irreverent, shameful, obscene; the other elegant, refined, ingenious, witty.

     (字義どおりに, “In all, the kind of joking is twofold: …”)

2. bipartite, cloven
3. ambiguous

語形変化

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

• Sg.Abl. sometimes duplice.

派生語

派生した語

• Galician: dobre (possibly)
• Spanish: doble (possibly)
• → English: duplex
• → French: duplex
• → Italian: duplice, duplex
• → Spanish: dúplex

参照

• “duplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “duplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• duplex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• duplex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a twofold tradition prevails on this subject: duplex est memoria de aliqua re
    
  • in two, three columns: agmine duplici, triplici