英和和英

発音

• enPR: fyo͞oz, IPA: /fjuːz/
• ハイフネーション: fuse
• Homophone: fuze
• 韻: -uːz

語源 1

From Italian fuso and French fusée, from Latin fūsus (“spindle”).

名詞

fuse (plural fuses)

1. A wick or cord used to convey flame to gunpowder, a bomb, or similar explosive.

   Synonyms: (archaic) fusee, (obsolete) match

   • 1962 October, “Talking of Trains: Passed to you, Mr. Macmillan”, in Modern Railways, page 220:

     The Government, having lit the fuse, is not going to be allowed to flee the explosion.

2. (cellular automata) An otherwise stable arbitrarily long repeating pattern that, when perturbed from one end, destructively carries that perturbation at a constant speed to the other end.
3. (manufacturing, mining, military, sometimes proscribed) Alternative spelling of fuze, a detonator, any mechanism igniting an explosive substance or device.
4. (figurative) A tendency to lose one's temper.

   When talking about being laid off, he has a short fuse.

5. A kind of match for starting a fire:
   1. A friction match for smokers' use, having a bulbous head which when ignited is not easily blown out even in a gale of wind.

      Synonym: fusee

   2. A match made of paper impregnated with niter and having the usual igniting tip.

使用する際の注意点

Both fuse and fuze are used for all senses by some native speakers, but some professional publications about explosives, munitions, etc. distinguish the two, using fuze for detonator devices and fuse for all other senses.

下位語

• (wick or cord used to convey flame to an explosive): long fuse, short fuse, percussion fuse, proximity fuse, black match; quick match, slow match (obsolete)

派生語

動詞

fuse (third-person singular simple present fuses, present participle fusing, simple past and past participle fused)

1. To furnish with a fuse, to install a fuse on.
2. (military, mining, manufacturing, sometimes proscribed) Alternative spelling of fuze, to equip with a detonator.

派生語

語源 2

Back-formation from fusion (“to melt”), first to verbal sense, then noun.

名詞

fuse (plural fuses)

1. (electrical engineering) A device to prevent excessive overcurrent from overload or short circuit in an electrical circuit, containing a component that melts and interrupts the current when too high a load is passed through it.

派生語

動詞

fuse (third-person singular simple present fuses, present participle fusing, simple past and past participle fused)

1. (transitive) To liquify by heat; melt.
   • 1891, Dmitri Mendeleev, The Principles of Chemistry (1905) 3rd edition, Vol. 2, p.553, Tr. George Kamensky, of Основы химии (1867)

     Pure sodium is a lustrous metal... it fuses very easily at a temperature of 97°, and distils at a bright red heat (742°...)

2. (transitive) To melt together; to blend; to mix indistinguishably.
   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XLVI”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 69:

     That each, who seems a separate whole,
     Should move his rounds, and fusing all
     The skirts of self again, should fall
     Remerging in the general Soul,
     Is faith as vague as all unsweet: […]

   • 1958 January, 'Borderer', “Ten Years of British Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 13:

     All these were based broadly on the management framework of the old companies, except that the former Southern and North Eastern Areas of the old L.N.E.R. became separate management units, while the former L.M.S.R. and L.N.E.R. lines north of the Border were fused into a self-contained Scottish Region.

   • 1960 January, “Talking of Trains: N.& W.-Virginian merger”, in Trains Illustrated, page 9:

     Actually the New York, New Haven and Hartford, Boston & Maine, Maine Central, Bangor & Aroostook and Rutland Railroads already are doing so; if they are fused, they would have a combined route mileage of 5,269 and assets totalling £318 million, [...].

3. (intransitive) To melt together.
4. (ergative, physics, astronomy) To combine through nuclear fusion.
5. (transitive, electricity) To furnish with or install a fuse in (a circuit) to protect against overcurrent.
6. (intransitive, electricity, of a circuit) To stop operating, having been protected against overcurrent by its fuse blowing.

   When the bath overflowed, the downstairs lights fused, so we need a torch.

7. (organic chemistry) To form a bicyclic compound from two similar or different types of ring such that two or more atoms are shared between the resulting rings.

同意語

• (mix indistinguishably): See also Thesaurus:homogenize
• (melt together): meld, smelt

派生語

アナグラム

• feus

名詞

fūse

1. dative singular of fūs

形容詞

fūse

1. inflection of fūs:
   1. strong accusative feminine singular
   2. strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular
   3. strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
   4. weak nominative feminine/neuter singular
   5. weak accusative neuter singular

副詞

fūsē (comparative fūsius, superlative fūsissimē)

1. widely, extensively, broadly, copiously, diffusely
2. in greater detail
3. loosely, roughly, relaxed

参照

• “fuse”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fuse”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “fuse”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• https://www.latin-is-simple.com/en/vocabulary/adjective/4425/?h=fusius
• https://logeion.uchicago.edu/fuse
• https://glosbe.com/la/en/fuse