英和和英

語源

From knock +‎ down.

発音

名詞

knockdown (countable and uncountable, plural knockdowns)

1. An act of knocking down or the condition of being knocked down.
2. An overwhelming blow.
3. (slang, obsolete, uncountable) Very strong ale or beer.
4. (genetics) A genetically modified organism that carries one or more genes in its chromosomes that have been made less active or had their expression reduced.
5. (genetics) The use of a reagent such as an oligonucleotide with sequence complementary to an active gene or its mRNA transcript, to interfere with the expression of said gene.
6. (nautical) The condition of a sailboat being pushed abruptly to horizontal, with the mast parallel to the water surface.
7. (soccer) a short pass played downwards, for example from the head onto someone's feet.
   • 2011 January 29, Chris Bevan, “Aston Villa 3 - 1 Blackburn”, in BBC‎:

     Pires, a three-time Cup winner with Arsenal who scored the Gunners' winner against Southampton in the 2003 final, has been a largely peripheral figure at Villa Park since joining in November - but the 37-year-old rolled back the years with a fine finish from Delfouneso's knockdown.

8. (film, television) A shelter erected for use as a temporary dressing room.
   • 1999, Scott Skelton, Jim Benson, Rod Serling's Night Gallery: An After-hours Tour, page 294:

     We shot 'The Caterpillar' at General Service Studios, and the dressing rooms for the actors were what they call knockdowns: wooden frames covered in grungy, dirty red canvas. It looked like a circus tent.

9. A collection of parts required to assemble a product, typically manufactured in one region and exported elsewhere for assembly.

   Synonym: KD

動詞

knockdown (third-person singular simple present knockdowns, present participle knockdowning, simple past and past participle knockdowned)

1. (genetics) To employ the knockdown technique

形容詞

knockdown (not comparable)

1. Powerful enough to overwhelm.

   a knockdown argument

   a knockdown blow

2. Reduced in price, originally to a price below which an article would not be sold by the auctioneer.
3. Capable of being taken apart for packing or removal.

   knockdown furniture

4. (of a rivet head) To be formed into a head by upsetting in fastening.

派生語

• knockdown-dragout

動詞

knock down (third-person singular simple present knocks down, present participle knocking down, simple past and past participle knocked down)

1. To hit or collide with

   Synonym: level

   1. (transitive) To hit or knock (something or someone), intentionally or accidentally, so that it falls.

      As I took the can off the shelf, I knocked down the one beside it.

      • 1977, Sonny James, “In the Jailhouse Now”, in Sonny James In Prison, In Person‎:

        He was out tomcatting one night / When he started a big fight / And a big policeman came and knocked him down.

      • 2012, Ingrid Michaelson, “This Is War”, in Human Again‎:

        I won't surrender / I will fight better / You lock me out, you knock me down / But I will find my way around

   2. (transitive) To demolish.

      We knocked down the garden shed when we moved.

   3. (transitive, informal) To reduce the price of.

      They knocked it down by another £5, so we bought it.

   4. (transitive, usually passive voice) To disassemble for shipment.

      The furniture is shipped knocked down, so assembly is required.

2. To acquire money, especially illicitly
   1. (transitive) To accumulate money, usually through crime.
   2. (transitive) To embezzle.
3. To drink or party
   1. (transitive, informal) To drink fast.

      I love to go down the pub and knock down pints of lager.

   2. (transitive, slang, Australia) To spend extravagantly for a celebration.
4. To choose, declare or approve.
   1. (transitive) To approve a drinking toast by banging glasses on the table.
      • 1954, H. C. N. de Lanerolle, "Well, Mudaliyar!" and Other Plays (page 179)

        They click their glasses and knock down the toast.

   2. (transitive, archaic) To nominate (someone) to speak.
   3. (transitive, Australia, New Zealand) To introduce (someone) to another, especially to a woman.
   4. (transitive) To reject or override a decision.

      The judge knocked the award down to a half-million.

   5. (transitive) To sentence (someone) to prison or other sentence.
   6. (transitive) At an auction, to declare (something) sold with a blow from the gavel.

      The picture was knocked down for £50.

   7. (transitive) To sell.
      • 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 74:

        She had to wait for the end of the sale before these matters were put up, and as the auctioneer was in a hurry to get the sale over, and most of the bidders had left, she got a full set of servant's bedroom furniture knocked down to her for five pounds[.]

5. (dated, rail transport) To send a stop signal to ensure a train is signalled to stop at the correct point.
6. (transitive, firefighting) To reduce the burning of (a fire), as by cooling it with water or dirt.

同意語

• (hit or knock (something) so that it falls): knock over
• (demolish): demolish, destroy
• (declare something sold at an auction with a blow from the gavel): sell
• (reduce the price of): reduce

参照

• (approve a toast by banging glasses on the table): 1873, John Camden Hotten, The Slang Dictionary