Palestine...とは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Palæstine (archaic)

発音

• IPA: /ˈpæləˌstaɪn/
• IPA: /ˈpæləˌstiːn/ (chiefly U.S. place names)

語源 1

From 中期英語 Palestyne, from 古期英語 Palestina, from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia, land of the Philistines”). The term P-l-s-t or P-r-s-t, found in five Ancient Egyptian inscriptions (beginning with one at Medinet Habu from circa 1170 BCE and ending with Padiiset's Statue inscription from circa 900-850 BCE) as the name of a people near Egypt, is traditionally taken to be cognate. Seven Assyrian inscriptions contain the word "Palas(h)tu" or "Pilistu", which is usually also taken to be cognate.

固有名詞

Palestine

1. A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people.
   • 2019 July 17, Talia Levin, “When Non-Jews Wield Anti-Semitism as Political Shield”, in GQ‎:

     Jews and Israel are not synonymous; nor is support for Palestine synonymous with anti-Semitism; nor is questioning the orthodoxy of the Republican party, which the majority of us do with relish, an insult to Jewry.

   1. (sometimes strictly) The West Bank and Gaza Strip.
2. (historical or politically charged, see usage notes) The region in Western Asia in the Middle East between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.
   • 2019 July 15, Greg Afinogenov, “The Jewish Case for Open Borders”, in Jewish Currents‎, number Summer 2019:

     Most Zionists hoped for a state of their own, but early in the 20th century, writers like Hillel Solotaroff and Chaim Zhitlowsky, both Yiddish-speaking immigrant intellectuals in New York, imagined another alternative: a federation of self-governing anarchist communes in Palestine that would defend Jewish life without relying on state power.

3. (historical, technical) A British colonial entity administering approximately the lands mentioned in definition 1.
4. (historical, technical, rare) The British League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, of which this region was a part (the remainder being Transjordan, which covered approximately the lands of the modern Kingdom (originally Emirate) of Jordan).
5. (historical) Any of four Ancient Roman and Byzantine provinces in the eastern Mediterranean: Syria Palaestina, Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Salutaris.
6. (obsolete since 1920) The Biblical Land of Israel, roughly corresponding to the northern part of modern-day Israel proper, the West Bank, and northwest Jordan.
   • 1829, A London Encyclopaedia […]‎, volume IX, London: Thomas Tegg, page 709, column 1:

     Gad, in ancient geography, a district of Transjordan Palestine, situated between Gilead and the kingdom of Bashan on the north, and that of the Amorites to the south, having the Jordan to the west, and bounded by various nations on the east, so called from the tribe of that name.

7. (obsolete since 1920) Philistia, a region in the Levant inhabited by the ancient Philistines.
   • 1882, [John] Cunningham Geikie, Hours With the Bible, or, The Scriptures in the Light of Modern Discovery and Knowledge‎, third edition, London: Hodder and Stoughton, page 184:

     In the west, moreover, as we have seen, he crushed Damascus, and forced Phenicia, Edom, the kingdom of Israel, and "Palestine" or Philistia, to continue the tribute they had agreed to pay Shalmaneser II.

8. A number of places in the United States:
   1. A town in St. Francis County, Arkansas.
   2. A community in Newtown, Fairfield County, Connecticut.
   3. A village in Crawford County, Illinois.
   4. A township in Woodford County, Illinois.
   5. An unincorporated community in Brookville Township, Franklin County, Indiana.
   6. An unincorporated community in Harrison Township, Kosciusko County, Indiana.
   7. An extinct town in Shawswick Township, Lawrence County, Indiana.
   8. A township in Story County, Iowa.
   9. A township in Cooper County, Missouri.
   10. A village in Darke County, Ohio.
   11. A city, the county seat of Anderson County, Texas, United States.
   12. An unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia.
   13. An unincorporated community in Wirt County, West Virginia.
9. A community in the City of Kawartha Lakes, Ontario, Canada.
10. A village in Over Wallop parish, Test Valley district, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU2640).

使用する際の注意点

• (region): The use of Palestine to refer to the region between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea in a non-historical sense is (since the latter half of the 20th century) politically charged; indeed, this is true of all terms for this region.

同意語

• (the region): Canaan, the Holy Land, Israel, the Land of Israel
• (Roman or Byzantine province): Palaestina
• (country): State of Palestine, (rare) Falasteen

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• → Korean: 팔레스타인 (Palleseutain)
• → Malay: Palestin

参考

• Levant
• Zion, Judea

参照

• Douglas Harper (2001–2025), “Palestine”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

語源 2

From Latin Palaestinus, from Ancient Greek Παλαιστινὸς (Palaistinòs). Cognate with Middle French palestin, Palestin.

名詞

Palestine (plural Palestines)

1. (archaic or obsolete) A Philistine.
   • 1602, The Famous and Memorable Workes of Ioſephus‎, page 127:

     The Paleſtines aſſailing the Hebrewes, are overcome by them in battell.

   • 1791, The Holy Bible‎, page 24:

     […] Iſaac went to Abimelech king of the Paleſtines to Gerara.

   • 1794, Romances, Tales and Smaller Pieces of M. de Voltaire‎, page 289:

     The Paleſtines, by extraordinary uſury, at fifty per cent. had poſſeſſed themſelves of almoſt all the riches of the country.

Further reading

• Palestine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

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