relishとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Alteration of reles (“scent, taste, aftertaste”), from Old French relais, reles (“something remaining, that which is left behind”), from relaisser (“to leave behind”).

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɹɛl.ɪʃ/
• 韻: -ɛlɪʃ

名詞

relish (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 relishes)

1. A pleasant taste.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Much pleasure we have lost while we abstained / From this delightful fruit, nor known till now / True relish, tasting.

   • 1748, [David Hume], “Essay II. Of the Origin of Ideas.”, in Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 25:

     The Caſe is the ſame if the Object, proper for exciting any Senſation, has never been apply'd to the Organ. A Laplander or Negro has no Notion of the reliſh of VVine.

2. Enjoyment; pleasure.
   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     When liberty is gone, / Life grows insipid, and has lost its relish.

3. A quality or characteristic tinge.
   • 1717, Alexander Pope, “A Discourse on Pastoral Poetry”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], →OCLC, page 5:

     [T]hat Air of piety to the Gods ſhould ſhine thro' the Poem, vvhich ſo viſibly appears in all the vvorks of antiquity: And it ought to preſerve ſome reliſh of the old vvay of vvriting; the connections ſhould be looeſ, the narrations and decſriptions ſhort, and the periods conciſe.

4. (followed by "for") A taste (for); liking (of); fondness.
   • 1785, William Cowper, letter to the Rev. John Newton (dated December 10, 1785)

     I have a relish for moderate praise, because it bids fair to be judicious.

   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volumes (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:

     One of the first acts which he was under the necessity of performing must have been painful to a man of so generous a nature, and of so keen a relish for whatever was excellent in arts and letters.

   • 2019 July 17, Talia Lavin, “When Non-Jews Wield Anti-Semitism as Political Shield”, in GQ‎^[1]:

     Jews and Israel are not synonymous; nor is support for Palestine synonymous with anti-Semitism; nor is questioning the orthodoxy of the Republican party, which the majority of us do with relish, an insult to Jewry.

5. A cooked or pickled sauce, usually made with vegetables or fruits, generally used as a condiment.
   • 1994 July 21, Faye Fiore, “Congress relishes another franking privilege: Meat lobby puts on the dog with exclusive luncheon for lawmakers – experts on pork”, in Los Angeles Times‎^[2]:

     Congressmen gleefully wolfed down every imaginable version of the hot dog – smoked kielbasas, jumbo grillers, Big & Juicy's, kosher dogs and spiced dogs – topped with every imaginable condiment – hot mustard, sweet mustard, jalapenos, spaghetti sauce, regular relish, corn relish, maple syrup salsa and the secret sauce of Rep. Jack Kingston (R-Ga.). ("If I told you the recipe," an aide explained, "I'd have to shoot you.")

6. In a wooden frame, the projection or shoulder at the side of, or around, a tenon, on a tenoned piece.
7. Something that is greatly liked or savoured.

下位語

• See also Thesaurus:seasoning

派生語

• India relish, Indian relish

動詞

relish (三人称単数 現在形 relishes, 現在分詞 relishing, 過去形および過去分詞形 relished)

1. (transitive) To taste or eat with pleasure, to like the flavor of [from 16th c.]
2. (transitive) To take great pleasure in.

   He relishes their time together.

   I don't relish the idea of going out tonight.

   • c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], column 2:

     Now Vlysses, I begin to relliſh thy aduice, / And I wil giue a taste of it forthwith / To Agamemnon, go we to him ſtraight:

   • 1706, Francis Atterbury, A sermon preached at the Guild-Hall Chapel, September 28, 1706:

     He knows how to prize his advantages, and to relish the honours which he enjoys.

   • 2022 December 15, Pat Cullen, quotee, “Tens of thousands of UK nurses go on strike in first such industrial action in NHS history”, in The Guardian‎^[3]:

     “Nurses are not relishing this,” she said. “We are acting with a very heavy heart. It has been a difficult decision taken by hundreds of thousands who begin to remove their labour from tomorrow in a bid to be heard, recognised and valued. […]

3. (obsolete, intransitive) To taste; to have a specified taste or flavour. [16th–19th c.]
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 3:

     honourable enterprises are accompanied with dangers and damages, as experience evinceth; they will make the rest of thy life relish the better.

   • c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

     Had I been the finder-out of this secret, it would not have relish'd among my other discredits.

   • 1695, John Woodward, An essay toward a natural history of the earth:

     A theory, which, how much soever it may relish of wit and invention, hath no foundation in nature.

4. (transitive) To give a taste to; to cause to taste nice, to make appetizing. [from 16th c.]
   • 1717, John Dryden, “Book VIII. [The Story of Baucis and Philemon.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, pages 285–286:

     By this the boiling Kettle had prepar'd, / And to the Table ſent, the ſmoaking Lard; / On which the eager Appetite they dine, / A ſav'ry Bit, that ſerv'd to relliſh Wine: [...]

5. (obsolete, intransitive) To give pleasure.

同意語

(take pleasure in): : appreciate, delight in, enjoy, like, revel in

派生語

• disrelish
• relishable
• relisher

参照

• “relish”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Hilers, Riehls, Rishel, hirsel