Mundusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

アナグラム

• dunums, musnud

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈmʊn.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmun.dus]

形容詞

mundus (feminine munda, neuter mundum, comparative mundior, superlative mundissimus, adverb munditer); first/second-declension adjective

1. clean, pure; neat

   Antonym: immundus

2. nice, fine, elegant, sophisticated
3. decorated, adorned
4. pure (trait)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

• Italian: mondo
• Old French: monde
  • Middle French: monde
    • French: monde

語源 2

Uncertain. Perhaps connected to Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌍𐌈 (munθ), whose exact meaning is unknown. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).

名詞

mundus m (genitive mundī); second declension

1. universe, world, esp. the heavens and the heavenly bodies
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 1.5:

     Vōs, ō clārissima mundī / lūmina, lābentem caelō quae dūcitis annum; /

     Oh ye, most radiant lights of the heavens, who lead the gliding year in the sky

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.545–546:

     Sed quid et Ōrīōn et cētera sīdera mundō
     cēdere festīnant, noxque coartat iter?

     But why are Orion and the other star-patterns hurrying to depart from heaven, and night is curtailing its journey?
     (It is May; nighttime is becoming shorter, and Ovid imagines even the mighty Orion (constellation) hurrying from the sky because Rome will soon celebrate the Temple of Mars Ultor; see also: Mars (mythology).)

2. mankind (inhabitants of the earth)
   • 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucanus, Pharsalia 5.469–471:

     miserīque fuit spēs inrita mundī, / posse ducēs parvā campī statiōne diremptōs / admōtum damnāre nefās.

     The unfortunate world's hope turned out in vain, the hope that the leaders, separated by a small field distance, could condemn the impiety drawing near.

   • c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Evangelium secundum Ioannem.3.16:

     Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat, sed habeat vitam aeternam.

     For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not perish but have eternal life.

3. (Medieval Latin) century
4. (Medieval Latin) group of people
5. implement
6. ornaments, decorations, dress (of a woman)

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

派生語

• intermundia
• mundānus
• mundiālis
• Stupor mundī

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “mundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "mundus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “1 mundus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “2 mundus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the universe: rerum or mundi universitas
    
  • the perfect harmony of the universe: totius mundi convenientia et consensus
    
  • God made the world: deus mundum aedificavit, fabricatus est, effecit (not creavit)
    
  • God is the Creator of the world: deus est mundi procreator (not creator), aedificator, fabricator, opifex rerum
    
  • a citizen of the world; cosmopolitan: mundanus, mundi civis et incola (Tusc. 5. 37)
    
• “mundus”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929), Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press