quellとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /kwɛl/
• 韻: -ɛl

語源 1

From Middle English quellen, from 古期英語 cwellan (“to kill”), from Proto-Germanic *kwaljaną (“to make die; kill”). Cognate with German quälen (“to torment; agonise; smite”), Swedish kvälja (“to torment”), Icelandic kvelja (“to torture; torment”). Compare also Old Armenian կեղ (keł, “sore, ulcer”), Old Church Slavonic жаль (žalĭ, “pain”). See also kill, which may be its doublet.

動詞

quell (三人称単数 現在形 quells, 現在分詞 quelling, 過去形および過去分詞形 quelled)

1. (transitive) To subdue, put down, or silence (someone または something); to force (someone) to submit. [from 10th c.]
   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 1, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     The nation obeyed the call, rallied round the sovereign, and enabled him to quell the disaffected minority.

   • 1858 October 16, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “The Courtship of Miles Standish”, in The Courtship of Miles Standish, and Other Poems, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, OCLC 51433663:

     Northward marching to quell the sudden revolt.

2. (transitive) To suppress, to put an end to (something); to extinguish. [from 14th c.]

   to quell grief

   to quell the tumult of the soul

   • 2014 December 13, Mandeep Sanghera, “Burnley 1-0 Southampton”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     However, after quelling Burnley's threat, Southampton failed to build on their growing danger culminating in Tadic's missed penalty.

3. (obsolete, transitive) To kill. [9th-19th c.]
   • 1582, R[ichard] H[akluyt], compiler, Divers Voyages Touching the Discouerie of America, and the Ilands adiacent vnto the Same, […], imprinted at London: [By Thomas Dawson] for Thomas VVoodcocke, […], OCLC 1121309079:

   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 5:

     Well prov'd in that same day, when Jove those gyants quelled.

4. (obsolete, intransitive) To be subdued or abated; to diminish. [16th-17th c.]
   • 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], OCLC 606515406; republished as The Shepheardes Calender […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], 1586, OCLC 837880809:

     Winter's wrath begins to quell.

5. To die.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 7:

     Yet he did quake and quaver, like to quell.

Conjugation

名詞

quell (複数形 quells)

1. A subduing.
   • 1903, Knowledge: A Monthly Record of Science

     The quell of the rebellion raised Justinian to the acme of power.

   • 1978, Shiu Heng Chook, Chiang Kai-shek Close-up: A Personal View:

     Hu had been supportive of Chiang's role throughout the northern expedition and the quell of southern rebellion.

   • 1994, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. international drug control policy: recent experience, future options : seminar proceedings, Government Printing Office →ISBN

     The consequences have not been significant in terms of the quell of any of the three drugs into the United States.

   • 1998, Mirza Arshad Ali Beg, Democracy Displaced in Pakistan: Case History of Disasters of Social Pollution:

     Each Martial Law was marked by the quell of civil liberties or human rights.

   • 2013, Suzanne Collins, Catching Fire, Scholastic UK

     But to make things even worse, this is the year of the Seventy-fifth Hunger Games, and that means it's also a Quarter Quell. They occur every twenty-five years, marking the anniversary of the districts' defeat with over-the-top celebrations and, for extra fun, some miserable twist for the tributes.

   • 2014, Markham J. Geller, Melammu: The Ancient World in an Age of Globalization, epubli →ISBN, page 136

     An example can be found in the data about the campaigns of Aššur-bān-apli against Arab tribes after the quell of the revolt of Šamaš-šumukīn.

関連する語

参照

• Douglas Harper (2001–2022), “quell”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

語源 2

From Middle English *quelle (suggested by the verb quellen (“to well up; gush forth”)), from 古期英語 cwylla, *cwielle (“spring; source”), from Proto-Germanic *kwellǭ (“well; spring”). Compare German Quelle.

名詞

quell (複数形 quells)

1. A source, especially a spring.
   • 1894, George Egerton, Discords:

     And when they had eaten, and sat resting in a grotto, he was still singing, and she was the goddess of his Muse, — the quell of living waters out of which he drew fresh strength for new lays.