「private foreign trade」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方 - Weblio英語例文検索

With respect to (A) above, The Joint Mission for Promoting Trade and Investment to Africa was dispatched to three regions (12 African countries) from the end of August to September 2008. The mission was headed by Takamori Yoshikawa, Senior Vice Minister of Economy Trade and Industry(the South Mission), Nobuhide Minorikawa, Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs (the East Mission) and Yasutoshi Nishimura, Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs (the Central and West Mission), and it comprised representatives from the public and private sectors.例文帳に追加

（a）としては、2008 年8 月末から9 月にかけて、––川経済産業副大臣（南部）、御法川外務大臣政務官（東部）、西村外務大臣政務官（中・西部）を団長として、アフリカ12 か国に政官民の代表者64からなる「貿易・投資促進合同ミッション」が派遣された。 - 経済産業省

Under such circumstances, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Finance jointly announced the Public-Private Partnership for Boosting Growth in Developing Countries, a package of new measures to strengthen links between ODA and companies, and established a framework for private and public sectors to work together for the development of developing countries.例文帳に追加

こうした中、2008 年4 月に経済産業省、外務省及び財務省は、ODA等と我が国企業との連携強化にむけた「成長加速化のための官民パートナーシップ」を発表し、途上国の開発に官民一体となって取り組む枠組みを創設した。 - 経済産業省

Furthermore, Kaikin Policy (the policy to forbid private people to trade with foreign countries) and the establishment of a currency system based on silver and coins (excluding copper coins) by the Ming Dynasty reduced the necessity of minting copper coins, naturally decreasing the amount of copper coins that were brought into Japan as well. 例文帳に追加

更に明の海禁政策や銀と貨幣による通貨体系の確立（銅銭の除外）は銅銭鋳造の必要性を減らし、当然日本への流入も減少した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

besides, they issued "Kinchu Narabini Kuge Shohatto" (a set of regulations applied to the emperor and the Kyoto nobles) for controlling the Imperial Court, and established the policy that forbade private people to trade with foreign countries through a series of so-called the Decrees of Seclusion, and they also set the precedent that "fudai daimyo" (Japanese territorial lords in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) monopolized the politics of the Edo bakufu. 例文帳に追加

さらに朝廷政策（禁中並公家諸法度）、海禁政策（いわゆる一連の鎖国令）、譜代大名による幕政の独占などもある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

For the economic growth of Africa, it is essential not only to provide assistance but also to incorporate private vitality. Thus, African countries make efforts to promote investment and trade with foreign-owned companies through ODA.例文帳に追加

アフリカの経済成長のためには、援助だけでなく民間の活力を取り入れていくことが不可欠であり、ODAを活用しつつ外国企業からの投資や貿易の促進に向けた取組を進めている。 - 経済産業省

During the Edo period too, bridges were not built across major rivers for military and political reasons, and the government not only issued the national isolation policy (Kaikin Policy - the policy to forbid private people to trade with foreign countries) and the ban on production of large ships (a part of Buke shohatto - Laws for the Military Houses), but also prohibited distribution using vehicles such as horse- or cow-drawn buggies on Kaido (road) to protect Edo. 例文帳に追加

江戸時代においても軍事的・政治的理由として大きな河川には橋はかけられず、鎖国（海禁政策）や大船建造の禁（武家諸法度の一部）が出された他、江戸防衛を理由に街道筋の牛馬車など車両使用した物流を禁じる方針を採った。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Apart from the WTO panel, a private US organization, the National Foreign Trade Committee (NFTC), filed a suit in federal court on April 1, 1998, claiming that the state law conflicted with the US Constitution.例文帳に追加

一方、WTOにおけるパネル手続と併行して、米の民間団体である「全米外国貿易委員会（NFTC）」が、本件州法が合衆国憲法に抵触（憲法が定める連邦の外交特権と外国貿易権限を侵害）するとして1998年４月に連邦地裁に対し提訴を行った。 - 経済産業省

Further, given progress with the introduction of EDI for procedures at main foreign ports, Japan too is working toward one-stop services (single-window services) for imports, exports and port-related procedures, as well as linkage with private-sector trade-related computerized systems such as international logistics,trade and finance EDI, pursuing more efficient port procedures.例文帳に追加

さらに、海外主要港湾で手続きのＥＤＩ化が進んでいることを踏まえ、我が国も輸出入・港湾関連手続のワンストップサービス（シングルウィンドウ化）を推進するとともに、国際物流ＥＤＩや貿易金融ＥＤＩ等民間における貿易関連手続きの電子化システムとの連携を推進し、港湾手続きの効率化を進めていく方針である。 - 経済産業省

At the same time, along with the self-help efforts of the Asian economies themselves and the private sectors’ initiatives in the area of trade and foreign direct investment, I am also convinced that development assistance by the developed countries, including Japan, focusing on infrastructure development provided in a coherent manner, has been effective and instrumental in bringing about sustainable growth in Asia. 例文帳に追加

同時に、アジアの持続的成長をもたらす上では、当事国の自らの努力や、貿易・直接投資といったビジネスの振興に加え、それらと整合的な形でインフラ投資に重きをおいた開発支援等が我が国をはじめとする先進国から行われてきたことも有効であったと確信しております。 - 財務省

(d) a juridical person (excluding foreign juridical persons) that has a person falling under any of the following among its Major Shareholders (when an applicant is a Subsidiary Company of a Holding Company (meaning holding companies prescribed in Article 9(5)(i) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 54 of 1947); hereinafter the same shall apply in this item and Article 32-4), including Major Shareholders of said Holding Company; the same shall apply in (e) and (f)) that are individuals: 例文帳に追加

ニ　個人である主要株主（登録申請者が持株会社（私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律（昭和二十二年法律第五十四号）第九条第五項第一号に規定する持株会社をいう。以下この号及び第三十二条の四において同じ。）の子会社であるときは、当該持株会社の主要株主を含む。ホ及びヘにおいて同じ。）のうちに次のいずれかに該当する者のある法人（外国法人を除く。） - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

Article 2 (1) The licensing, permission, authorization, approval, Designation and other dispositions, or notification and other acts carried out by the Minister of Finance or other organs of the State pursuant to the provisions of the Secured Bond Trust Act, Trust Business Act, Norinchukin Bank Act, Mutual Loan Business Act, Act on Simplification of Banking Business Procedures, etc., Act on Provision, etc. of Trust Business by Financial Institutions, Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade, Agricultural Cooperative Association Act, Securities and Exchange Act, Act on Non-Life Insurance Rating Organizations, Fisheries Cooperative Association Act, Act on the Cooperative Associations of Small and Medium Enterprises, etc., Act on Financial Businesses by Cooperative, Shipowners Mutual Insurance Association Act, Securities Investment Trust Act, Shinkin Bank Act, Long-Term Credit Bank Act, Loan Trust Act, Medium and Small Fishery Loan Guarantee Act, Credit Guarantee Companies Act, Labor Bank Act, Foreign Exchange Bank Act, Automobile Liability Security Act, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Insurance Act, Act on Financial Institutions' Merger and Conversion, Act on Foreign Securities Brokers, Deposit Insurance Act, Act on the Promotion of Introduction of Industry, etc. into Agricultural Regions, Agricultural and Fishery Cooperation Savings Insurance Act, Banking Act, Act on Controls, etc. on Money Lending, Act on Regulation, etc. on Investment Advisory Business Pertaining to Securities, Act on Regulation, etc. for Mortgage Corporations, Financial Futures Trading Act, Act on Regulation, etc. on Advanced Payment Certificate, Act on Regulations of Business Pertaining to Commodities Investment, Act on Special Provisions for the Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, etc. and Other Matters for the Prevention of Activities Encouraging Illicit Conduct and Other Activities Involving Controlled Substances through International Cooperation, Act on the Regulation of Business Pertaining to Specified Claims, etc., Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Reform of Financial System and Securities Exchange System, Act on Preferred Equity Investment by Cooperative Structured Financial Institution, Real Estate Specified Joint Enterprise Act, Insurance Business Act, Act on Special Treatment, etc. of Corporate Reorganization Proceedings and Other Insolvency Proceedings of Financial Institution, Act on the Merger of the Norinchukin Bank and the Federation of Credit Agricultural Cooperatives, etc., Bank of Japan Act, or Act on Special Measures, etc. for Merger Procedures Pertaining to Banks, etc. for the Creation of Bank Holding Company. (hereinafter referred to as the "Former Secured Bond Trust Act, etc."), prior to the revision by this Act, shall be deemed as licensing, permission, authorization, approval, Designation and other dispositions, or notification and other acts carried out by the Prime Minister or other corresponding organs of the State pursuant to the corresponding provisions of the Secured Bond Trust Act, Trust Business Act, Norinchukin Bank Act, Mutual Loan Business Act, Act on Simplification of Banking Business Procedures, etc., Act on Provision, etc. of Trust Business by Financial Institutions, Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade, Agricultural Cooperative Association Act, Securities and Exchange Act, Act on Non-Life Insurance Rating Organizations, Fisheries Cooperative Association Act, Act on the Cooperative Associations of Small and Medium Enterprises, etc., Act on Financial Businesses by Cooperative, Shipowners Mutual Insurance Association Act, Securities Investment Trust Act, Shinkin Bank Act, Long-Term Credit Bank Act, Loan Trust Act, Medium and Small Fishery Loan Guarantee Act, Credit Guarantee Companies Act, Labor Bank Act, Foreign Exchange Bank Act, Automobile Liability Security Act, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Insurance Act, Act on Financial Institutions' Merger and Conversion, Act on Foreign Securities Brokers, Deposit Insurance Act, Act on the Promotion of Introduction of Industry, etc. into Agricultural Regions, Agricultural and Fishery Cooperation Savings Insurance Act, Banking Act, Act on Controls, etc. on Money Lending, Act on Regulation, etc. on Investment Advisory Business Pertaining to Securities, Act on Regulation, etc. for Mortgage Corporations, Financial Futures Trading Act, Act on Regulation, etc. on Advanced Payment Certificate, Act on Regulations of Business Pertaining to Commodities Investment, Act on Special Provisions for the Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, etc. and Other Matters for the Prevention of Activities Encouraging Illicit Conduct and Other Activities Involving Controlled Substances through International Cooperation, Act on the Regulation of Business Pertaining to Specified Claims, etc., Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Reform of Financial System and Securities Exchange System, Act on Preferred Equity Investment by Cooperative Structured Financial Institution, Real Estate Specified Joint Enterprise Act, Insurance Business Act, Act on Special Treatment, etc. of Corporate Reorganization Proceedings and Other Insolvency Proceedings of Financial Institution, Act on the Merger of the Norinchukin Bank and the Federation of Credit Agricultural Cooperatives, etc., Bank of Japan Act, or Act on Special Measures, etc. for Merger Procedures Pertaining to Banks, etc. for the Creation of Bank Holding Company, revised by this Act (hereinafter referred to as the "Current Secured Bond Trust Act, etc."). 例文帳に追加

第二条　この法律による改正前の担保附社債信託法、信託業法、農林中央金庫法、無尽業法、銀行等の事務の簡素化に関する法律、金融機関の信託業務の兼営等に関する法律、私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律、農業協同組合法、証券取引法、損害保険料率算出団体に関する法律、水産業協同組合法、中小企業等協同組合法、協同組合による金融事業に関する法律、船主相互保険組合法、証券投資信託法、信用金庫法、長期信用銀行法、貸付信託法、中小漁業融資保証法、信用保証協会法、労働金庫法、外国為替銀行法、自動車損害賠償保障法、農業信用保証保険法、金融機関の合併及び転換に関する法律、外国証券業者に関する法律、預金保険法、農村地域工業等導入促進法、農水産業協同組合貯金保険法、銀行法、貸金業の規制等に関する法律、有価証券に係る投資顧問業の規制等に関する法律、抵当証券業の規制等に関する法律、金融先物取引法、前払式証票の規制等に関する法律、商品投資に係る事業の規制に関する法律、国際的な協力の下に規制薬物に係る不正行為を助長する行為等の防止を図るための麻薬及び向精神薬取締法等の特例等に関する法律、特定債権等に係る事業の規制に関する法律、金融制度及び証券取引制度の改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律、協同組織金融機関の優先出資に関する法律、不動産特定共同事業法、保険業法、金融機関の更生手続の特例等に関する法律、農林中央金庫と信用農業協同組合連合会との合併等に関する法律、日本銀行法又は銀行持株会社の創設のための銀行等に係る合併手続の特例等に関する法律（以下「旧担保附社債信託法等」という。）の規定により大蔵大臣その他の国の機関がした免許、許可、認可、承認、指定その他の処分又は通知その他の行為は、この法律による改正後の担保附社債信託法、信託業法、農林中央金庫法、無尽業法、銀行等の事務の簡素化に関する法律、金融機関の信託業務の兼営等に関する法律、私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律、農業協同組合法、証券取引法、損害保険料率算出団体に関する法律、水産業協同組合法、中小企業等協同組合法、協同組合による金融事業に関する法律、船主相互保険組合法、証券投資信託法、信用金庫法、長期信用銀行法、貸付信託法、中小漁業融資保証法、信用保証協会法、労働金庫法、外国為替銀行法、自動車損害賠償保障法、農業信用保証保険法、金融機関の合併及び転換に関する法律、外国証券業者に関する法律、預金保険法、農村地域工業等導入促進法、農水産業協同組合貯金保険法、銀行法、貸金業の規制等に関する法律、有価証券に係る投資顧問業の規制等に関する法律、抵当証券業の規制等に関する法律、金融先物取引法、前払式証票の規制等に関する法律、商品投資に係る事業の規制に関する法律、国際的な協力の下に規制薬物に係る不正行為を助長する行為等の防止を図るための麻薬及び向精神薬取締法等の特例等に関する法律、特定債権等に係る事業の規制に関する法律、金融制度及び証券取引制度の改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律、協同組織金融機関の優先出資に関する法律、不動産特定共同事業法、保険業法、金融機関の更生手続の特例等に関する法律、農林中央金庫と信用農業協同組合連合会との合併等に関する法律、日本銀行法又は銀行持株会社の創設のための銀行等に係る合併手続の特例等に関する法律（以下「新担保附社債信託法等」という。）の相当規定に基づいて、内閣総理大臣その他の相当の国の機関がした免許、許可、認可、承認、指定その他の処分又は通知その他の行為とみなす。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

Article 2 (1) The licensing, permission, authorization, approval, Designation and other dispositions, or notification and other acts carried out by the Prime Minister or other organs of the State pursuant to the provisions of the Secured Bond Trust Act, Trust Business Act, Norinchukin Bank Act, Mutual Loan Business Act, Act on Simplification of Banking Business Procedures, etc., Act on Provision, etc. of Trust Business by Financial Institutions, Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade, Agricultural Cooperative Association Act, Securities and Exchange Act, Act on Non-Life Insurance Rating Organizations, Fisheries Cooperative Association Act, Act on the Cooperative Associations of Small and Medium Enterprises, etc., Act on Financial Businesses by Cooperative, Shipowners Mutual Insurance Association Act, Local Tax Act, Act on Securities Investment Trust and Securities Investment Corporations, Shinkin Bank Act, Long-Term Credit Bank Act, Loan Trust Act, Medium and Small Fishery Loan Guarantee Act, Credit Guarantee Companies Act, Labor Bank Act, Automobile Liability Security Act, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Insurance Act, Act on Earthquake Insurance, Registration and License Tax Act, Act on Financial Institutions' Merger and Conversion, Act on Foreign Securities Brokers, Act on the Promotion of Introduction of Industry, etc. into Agricultural Regions, Agricultural and Fishery Cooperation Savings Insurance Act, Banking Act, Act on Controls, etc. on Money Lending, Act on Regulation, etc. on Investment Advisory Business Pertaining to Securities, Act on Regulation, etc. for Mortgage Corporations, Financial Futures Trading Act, Act on Regulation, etc. on Advanced Payment Certificate, Act on Regulations of Business Pertaining to Commodities Investment, Act on Special Provisions for the Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, etc. and Other Matters for the Prevention of Activities Encouraging Illicit Conduct and Other Activities Involving Controlled Substances through International Cooperation, Act on the Regulation of Business Pertaining to Specified Claims, etc., Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Reform of Financial System and Securities Exchange System, Act on Preferred Equity Investment by Cooperative Structured Financial Institution, Real Estate Specified Joint Enterprise Act, Insurance Business Act, Act on Special Treatment, etc. of Corporate Reorganization Proceedings and Other Insolvency Proceedings of Financial Institution, Act on the Merger of the Norinchukin Bank and the Federation of Credit Agricultural Cooperatives, etc., Bank of Japan Act, Act on Special Measures, etc. for Merger Procedures Pertaining to Banks, etc. for the Creation of Bank Holding Company, Act on the Liquidation of Specified Assets by Special Purpose Companies, or Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Financial System Reform, prior to the revision by this Act (hereinafter referred to as "Former Secured Bond Trust Act, etc."), shall be deemed as licensing, permission, authorization, approval, Designation and other dispositions, or notification and other acts carried out by the Financial Reconstruction Commission or other corresponding organs of the State pursuant to the corresponding provisions of the Secured Bond Trust Act, Trust Business Act, Norinchukin Bank Act, Mutual Loan Business Act, Act on Simplification of Banking Business Procedures, etc., Act on Provision, etc. of Trust Business by Financial Institutions, Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade, Agricultural Cooperative Association Act, Securities and Exchange Act, Act on Non-Life Insurance Rating Organizations, Fisheries Cooperative Association Act, Act on the Cooperative Associations of Small and Medium Enterprises, etc., Act on Financial Businesses by Cooperative, Shipowners Mutual Insurance Association Act, Local Tax Act, Act on Securities Investment Trust and Securities Investment Corporations, Shinkin Bank Act, Long-Term Credit Bank Act, Loan Trust Act, Medium and Small Fishery Loan Guarantee Act, Credit Guarantee Companies Act, Labor Bank Act, Automobile Liability Security Act, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Insurance Act, Act on Earthquake Insurance, Registration and License Tax Act, Act on Financial Institutions' Merger and Conversion, Act on Foreign Securities Brokers, Act on the Promotion of Introduction of Industry, etc. into Agricultural Regions, Agricultural and Fishery Cooperation Savings Insurance Act, Banking Act, Act on Controls, etc. on Money Lending, Act on Regulation, etc. on Investment Advisory Business Pertaining to Securities, Act on Regulation, etc. for Mortgage Corporations, Financial Futures Trading Act, Act on Regulation, etc. on Advanced Payment Certificate, Act on Regulations of Business Pertaining to Commodities Investment, Act on Special Provisions for the Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, etc. and Other Matters for the Prevention of Activities Encouraging Illicit Conduct and Other Activities Involving Controlled Substances through International Cooperation, Act on the Regulation of Business Pertaining to Specified Claims, etc., Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Reform of Financial System and Securities Exchange System, Act on Preferred Equity Investment by Cooperative Structured Financial Institution, Real Estate Specified Joint Enterprise Act, Insurance Business Act, Act on Special Treatment of Corporate Reorganization Proceedings and Other Insolvency Proceedings of Financial Institution, Act on the Merger of the Norinchukin Bank and the Federation of Credit Agricultural Cooperatives, etc., Bank of Japan Act, Act on Special Measures, etc. for Merger Procedures Pertaining to Banks, etc. for the Creation of Bank Holding Company, Act on the Liquidation of Specified Assets by Special Purpose Companies, or Act on Revision, etc. of Related Acts for the Financial System Reform, revised by this Act (hereinafter referred to as "Current Secured Bond Trust Act, etc."). 例文帳に追加

第二条　この法律による改正前の担保附社債信託法、信託業法、農林中央金庫法、無尽業法、銀行等の事務の簡素化に関する法律、金融機関の信託業務の兼営等に関する法律、私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律、農業協同組合法、証券取引法、損害保険料率算出団体に関する法律、水産業協同組合法、中小企業等協同組合法、協同組合による金融事業に関する法律、船主相互保険組合法、地方税法、証券投資信託及び証券投資法人に関する法律、信用金庫法、長期信用銀行法、貸付信託法、中小漁業融資保証法、信用保証協会法、労働金庫法、自動車損害賠償保障法、農業信用保証保険法、地震保険に関する法律、登録免許税法、金融機関の合併及び転換に関する法律、外国証券業者に関する法律、農村地域工業等導入促進法、農水産業協同組合貯金保険法、銀行法、貸金業の規制等に関する法律、有価証券に係る投資顧問業の規制等に関する法律、抵当証券業の規制等に関する法律、金融先物取引法、前払式証票の規制等に関する法律、商品投資に係る事業の規制に関する法律、国際的な協力の下に規制薬物に係る不正行為を助長する行為等の防止を図るための麻薬及び向精神薬取締法等の特例等に関する法律、特定債権等に係る事業の規制に関する法律、金融制度及び証券取引制度の改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律、協同組織金融機関の優先出資に関する法律、不動産特定共同事業法、保険業法、金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律、農林中央金庫と信用農業協同組合連合会との合併等に関する法律、日本銀行法、銀行持株会社の創設のための銀行等に係る合併手続の特例等に関する法律、特定目的会社による特定資産の流動化に関する法律又は金融システム改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律（以下「旧担保附社債信託法等」という。）の規定により内閣総理大臣その他の国の機関がした免許、許可、認可、承認、指定その他の処分又は通知その他の行為は、この法律による改正後の担保附社債信託法、信託業法、農林中央金庫法、無尽業法、銀行等の事務の簡素化に関する法律、金融機関の信託業務の兼営等に関する法律、私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律、農業協同組合法、証券取引法、損害保険料率算出団体に関する法律、水産業協同組合法、中小企業等協同組合法、協同組合による金融事業に関する法律、船主相互保険組合法、地方税法、証券投資信託及び証券投資法人に関する法律、信用金庫法、長期信用銀行法、貸付信託法、中小漁業融資保証法、信用保証協会法、労働金庫法、自動車損害賠償保障法、農業信用保証保険法、地震保険に関する法律、登録免許税法、金融機関の合併及び転換に関する法律、外国証券業者に関する法律、農村地域工業等導入促進法、農水産業協同組合貯金保険法、銀行法、貸金業の規制等に関する法律、有価証券に係る投資顧問業の規制等に関する法律、抵当証券業の規制等に関する法律、金融先物取引法、前払式証票の規制等に関する法律、商品投資に係る事業の規制に関する法律、国際的な協力の下に規制薬物に係る不正行為を助長する行為等の防止を図るための麻薬及び向精神薬取締法等の特例等に関する法律、特定債権等に係る事業の規制に関する法律、金融制度及び証券取引制度の改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律、協同組織金融機関の優先出資に関する法律、不動産特定共同事業法、保険業法、金融機関等の更生手続の特例等に関する法律、農林中央金庫と信用農業協同組合連合会との合併等に関する法律、日本銀行法、銀行持株会社の創設のための銀行等に係る合併手続の特例等に関する法律、特定目的会社による特定資産の流動化に関する法律又は金融システム改革のための関係法律の整備等に関する法律（以下「新担保附社債信託法等」という。）の相当規定に基づいて、金融再生委員会その他の相当の国の機関がした免許、許可、認可、承認、指定その他の処分又は通知その他の行為とみなす。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム