英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 winge, wenge, from Old Norse vængr ("wing of a flying animal, wing of a building"; compare vængi (“ship's cabin”)), from Proto-Germanic *wēingijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”), thus related to wind.

Cognate with Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Swedish vinge (“wing”), Elfdalian waingg (“wing”), Faroese vongur (“wing”), Icelandic vængur (“wing”), Norwegian Nynorsk veng (“wing”).

Replaced native 中期英語 fither (from 古期英語 fiþre, from Proto-Germanic *fiþriją), which merged with 中期英語 fether (from 古期英語 feþer, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō). More at feather.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: wĭng; IPA: /wɪŋ/
• (Northern England, Midlands, without the NG-coalescence) IPA: /ˈwɪŋɡ/
• 韻: -ɪŋ

名詞

wing (countable and uncountable, plural wings)

1. (zootomy) An appendage of an animal's (bird, bat, insect) body that enables it to fly.

   The bird was flapping its wings

2. A fin at the side of a ray or similar fish.
3. (slang) Human arm.
4. (aviation) Part of an aircraft that produces the lift for rising into the air.

   I took my seat on the plane, overlooking the wing.

5. One of the large pectoral fins of a flying fish.
6. One of the broad, thin, anterior lobes of the foot of a pteropod, used as an organ in swimming.
7. (botany) Any membranaceous expansion, such as that along the sides of certain stems, or one of the bracts on a dragon fruit, or of a fruit of the kind called samara.
8. (botany) Either of the two side petals of a papilionaceous flower.
9. A side shoot of a tree or plant; a branch growing up by the side of another.
10. Passage by flying; flight.

    to take wing

    • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

      Light thickens; and the crow / Makes wing to the rooky wood.

11. Limb or instrument of flight; means of flight or of rapid motion.
    • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

      Fiery expedition be my wing.

12. A part of something that is lesser in size than the main body, and located at the side, such as an extension from the main building.

    the west wing of the hospital

    the wings of a corkscrew

13. (figurative) Either of two similar parts of something.
    • 1927, Ernest Bramah [pseudonym; Ernest Brammah Smith], Max Carrados Mysteries:

      Before going any farther on a wild goose chase I should advise you to verify the admitted American influence in the affair as connectible with Rigby Lacksome […] . Until that point is settled both wings of your deductions are purely in the air.

14. One of the longer sides of crownworks or hornworks in fortification.
15. (slang, MLE) Ellipsis of prison wing, a cellblock; or prison or doing time by extension.
    • 2021 July 18, “‘Woop’ Freestyle” (0:25 from the start), Trizz (lyrics):

      They got bro-bro stuck on the wing, cah I picked up and bullet him

16. Anything that agitates the air as a wing does, or is put in winglike motion by the action of the air, such as a fan or vane for winnowing grain, the vane or sail of a windmill, the sail of a ship, etc.
    • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto IX”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:

      Fair ship, that from the Italian shore,
      ⁠Sailest the placid ocean-plains
      ⁠With my lost Arthur’s loved remains,
      Spread thy full wings, and waft him o’er.

17. A protruding piece of material on a menstrual pad or diaper to hold it in place and prevent leakage.
    • 2017, Laura Bates, Girl Up, page 8:

      It's a bit annoying but (like sanitary pads with wings) it's worth it if you want to stay extra secure.

18. An ornament worn on the shoulder; a small epaulet or shoulder knot.
19. A cosmetic effect where eyeliner curves outward and ends at a point.
20. A faction of a political movement. Usually implies a position apart from the mainstream center position.
21. An organizational grouping in a military aviation service:
    1. (UK) A unit of command consisting of two or more squadrons and itself being a sub-unit of a group or station.
    2. (US) A larger formation of two or more groups, which in turn control two or more squadrons.
22. (UK) A panel of a car which encloses the wheel area, especially the front wheels.
23. (nautical) A platform on either side of the bridge of a vessel, normally found in pairs.
24. (nautical) That part of the hold or orlop of a vessel which is nearest the sides. In a fleet, one of the extremities when the ships are drawn up in line, or when forming the two sides of a triangle.
    • 1864, William M. Brady, The Kedge-anchor:

      their ends may rest a little below the orlop-wing gratings

25. (sports) A position in several field games on either side of the field.

    Smith started the game in the centre of midfield, but moved to the wing after 30 minutes.

26. (sports) A player occupying such a position; a winger.
    • 2011 September 2, “Wales 2-1 Montenegro”, in BBC‎:

      The Tottenham wing was causing havoc down the right and when he broke past the bemused Sasa Balic once again, Bellamy was millimetres from connecting with his cross as the Liverpool striker hurled himself at the ball.

27. (typography, informal, rare) A háček.
    • 1985, David Grambs, Literary Companion Dictionary, page 378:

      ˇ wing, wedge, hǎcek, inverted circumflex (Karel Čapek)

28. (theater) One of the unseen areas on the side of the stage in a theatre.
    • 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, →OCLC, page 176:

      The performers crowded breathlessly in the wings.

29. (in the plural) The insignia of a qualified pilot or aircrew member.
    • 2004, Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage:

      Anyone and everyone with wings - press officers, operations specialists, even General Curtis LeMay, commander of the U.S. Air Force in Europe - was put on flight duty and took turns flying double shifts for "Operation Vittles."

30. A portable shelter consisting of a fabric roof on a frame, like a tent without sides.
31. On the enneagram, one of the two adjacent types to an enneatype that forms an individual's subtype of his or her enneatype.

    Tom's a 4 on the enneagram, with a 3 wing.

32. (collective) A group of plover.
    • 1893, Amelia E. Barr, The Beads of Tasmer‎, James Clark, page 86:

      A wing of plover , followed by a pack of grouse , were too much for him - or rather , too much for me, for he left me to pursue them

    • 1860, Marksman (pseud.), The Dead Shot Or Sportsman's Complete Guide...‎, Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, page 290:

      Some sportsmen make no scruple about firing into the "thick" of a wing of plovers, and killing as many as they can: plovers being birds that are "here to-day, and gone to-morrow;" and they are so restless and wary, that but few shots can at any time of year be had at them.

別の表記

• weng, whing, wyng (all obsolete)

同意語

• (panel of a car): fender (US), guard (Australia)
• (sports position): forward
• (U.S. Air Force): delta (U.S. Space Force), garrison (U.S. Space Force)

下位語

派生語

動詞

wing (third-person singular simple present wings, present participle winging, simple past and past participle winged or (colloquial) wung)

1. (transitive) To injure slightly (as with a gunshot), especially in the wing or arm.
2. (intransitive) To fly.
   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, “Afterglow”, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 168:

     Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.

   • 1970, “Box of Rain”, in Robert Hunter (lyrics), Phil Lesh (music), American Beauty‎ (LP record), performed by Grateful Dead:

     Birds are winging, no rain is falling from a heavy sky

3. (intransitive) To travel swiftly.
   • 1923, Ernest Bramah [pseudonym; Ernest Brammah Smith], “(please specify the page)”, in The Eyes of Max Carrados, London: Grant Richards, →OCLC:

     He had pulled up so expertly that the man escaped, so smoothly that not a passenger was jarred, and now he sat with a dazed and vacant expression on his face, leaning forward on his steering wheel, while caustic inquiry and retort winged unheeded up and down the line behind him.

4. (transitive, of a building) To add a wing (extra part) to.
5. (transitive) To act or speak extemporaneously; to improvise; to wing it.

   I lost all my notes I'd made, so was partially winging the meeting.

6. (transitive) To throw.

   Synonyms: fling, hurl; see also Thesaurus:throw

7. (transitive) To furnish with wings.
8. (transitive) To transport with, or as if with, wings; to bear in flight, or speedily.
   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XL”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 62:

     ⁠Deep folly! yet that this could be—
     ⁠That I could wing my will with might
     ⁠To leap the grades of life and light,
     And flash at once, my friend, to thee: […]

9. (transitive) To traverse by flying.

アナグラム

• Gwin, gwin