英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɪɡˈzɒnəɹeɪt/, /ɛɡ-/
• (General American) IPA: /ɪɡˈzɑnəˌɹeɪt/, /ɛɡ-/
• ハイフネーション: ex‧o‧ner‧ate

語源 1

From 中期英語 exoneraten (attested in past participle exonerated), from Latin exonerātus, past perfect participle of exonerō (“to discharge, unload; to exonerate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Exonerō is from ex- (“out, from”) +‎ onerō (“to burden, lade; to load”) further from onus (oner-) (“a burden, load”) +‎ -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃énh₂os (“burden, load”), from *h₃enh₂- (“to charge, onerate”). Compare French exonérer.

動詞

exonerate (third-person singular simple present exonerates, present participle exonerating, simple past and past participle exonerated)

1. (transitive, archaic) To relieve (someone or something) of a load; to unburden (a load).
2. (obsolete, reflexive) Of a body of water: to discharge or empty (itself).
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section ii, member 3, page 231:

     I would examine the Caſpian Sea, and ſee where and how it exonerates it ſelfe, after it hath taken in Volga, Iaxares, Oxus, and thoſe great rivers; at the mouth of Oby, or where?

3. (transitive) To free (someone) from an obligation, responsibility or task.

   Synonym: absolve

4. (transitive) To free (someone) from accusation or blame.

   Synonyms: acquit, exculpate; see also Thesaurus:acquit

派生語

関連する語

語源 2

Learned borrowing from Latin exonerātus (more at etymology 1), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

形容詞

exonerate (comparative more exonerate, superlative most exonerate)

1. (archaic) Freed from an obligation; freed from accusation or blame; acquitted, exonerated.