研究社 新英和中辞典

theory

音節the・o・ry 発音記号/θíːəri, θí(ə)ri｜θíəri/

【名詞】

1 a 【不可算名詞】 (実際に対して)理論，学理 (⇔practice).

用例

theory and practice 理論と実際. economic theory 経済理論. the theory of physical education (実技に対し)体育理論.

b 【不可算名詞】 [また a theory] 理屈，空論; 仮説.

用例

It's (a) mere theory. それはほんの空論にすぎない. Your proposal is all right in theory. 君の提案は理屈のうえではりっぱだ.

2 a 【可算名詞】 学説，説，論.

用例

the atomic theory 原子説. Einstein's theory of relativity アインシュタインの相対性理論.

b 〔+that〕[単数形で] 〈…という〉説，論.

用例

Columbus helped to explode the theory that the earth was flat. コロンブスは地球は平らであるという説を打破するのに貢献した.

3 a 【可算名詞】 意見，持論，私見 〔of，about〕.

用例

my theory of life 私の人生観.

b 〔+that〕[単数形で] 意見，持論.

用例

Most people accept the theory that smoking is a cause of cancer. 喫煙ががんの一因であるという考えはたいていの人が認めている.

4 【不可算名詞】 【数学】 …論.

用例

the theory of probability 確率論.

［ギリシャ語「見ること，見解」の意; 【形容詞】 theoretical］

数学のほかの用語一覧

数学：	term  ternary  the rule of three  theory  to the nth degree  topology  transpose

>>数学カテゴリの他の用語

斎藤和英大辞典

theory

理窟；臆説；説；学説；学理

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Theory

理論

JST科学技術用語日英対訳辞書

theory

自説; 建前; セオリー; 2元説; 定説; 学説; 理屈; 理論; 説; 学理; 論

英和医学用語集

theory

説

ライフサイエンス辞書

theory

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理論

関連語

theoretical

用例

theory [理論]

In an effort to resolve this discrepancy, we tried modifying the theory. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA)

Conversely, astrophysical observations provide one of the most effective means for testing Einstein's theories. (Science)

in theory [理論的には]

This idea, which is well supported in theory, remains untested empirically. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA)

In theory, a similar novel influenza subtype could be controlled. (Nature)

theory of [〜の理論]

We present a theory of the metal-insulator transition in a disordered two-dimensional electron gas. (Science)

Current theories of immune-mediated injury of hepatocytes are also discussed. (Curr Opin Gastroenterol)

theoryの共起表現

日本語WordNet(英和)

theory

【名詞】

1

自然世界への仮定的洞察

(a tentative insight into the natural world)

a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory 実験を通った科学的仮定は科学理論となった he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices 彼は、化学演習で後に受け入れたれた、アルカリの新たな理論を提案した

2

行動を導く信条

(a belief that can guide behavior)

the architect has a theory that more is less 建築家はより多いとはより少ないという理論を持っている they killed him on the theory that dead men tell no tales 死人に口なしという考えのもと、彼らは彼を殺した

3

自然界のある側面の十分な裏付けがある説明

(a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world)

theories can incorporate facts and laws and tested hypotheses 理論は、事実、法律と検証された仮説を取り入れることができる true in fact and theory 理論的にも実際的にも正しい

>>「theory」に関する類語一覧

EDR日英対訳辞書

theory

理論；理；セオリー；セオリ

日英・英日専門用語辞書

theory

作動原理，準則，原理，定説，法則体系，学説，説，理論，規則

クロスランゲージ 37分野専門語辞書

theory

理論; 推測; セオリー; 学説; 学理

Weblio英和対訳辞書

theory

理論, 原論, 論, 原理, セオリー, 説, 学説, 理屈, 理窟

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theory

セオリー

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one's (pet) theory

持論

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Wiktionary英語版

theory

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2012/05/04 12:26 UTC 版)

語源

From Late Latin theōria, from Ancient Greek θεωρία (“contemplation, speculation, a looking at, things looked at”), from θεωρέω (“I look at, view, consider, examine”), from θεωρός (“spectator”), from θέα (“a view”) + ὁράω (“I see,look”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈθɪəɹi/

• 韻: -ɪəri

名詞

theory (countable かつ uncountable; 複数形 theories)

1. (obsolete) Mental conception; reflection, consideration. [16th-18th c.]
   • 1646, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, VII.19:

     As they encrease the hatred of vice in some, so doe they enlarge the theory of wickednesse in all.

2. (sciences) A coherent statement or set of ideas that explains observed facts or phenomena, or which sets out the laws and principles of something known or observed; a hypothesis confirmed by observation, experiment etc. [from 17th c.]
   • 2002, Duncan Steel, The Guardian, 23 May 2002:

     It was only when Einstein's theory of relativity was published in 1915 that physicists could show that Mercury's "anomaly" was actually because Newton's gravitational theory was incomplete.

   • 2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, p. 118:

     The world would need additional decades [...] before the Big Bang would begin to move from interesting idea to established theory.

3. (uncountable) The underlying principles or methods of a given technical skill, art etc., as opposed to its practice. [from 17th c.]
   • 1990, Tony Bennett, Outside Literature, p. 139:

     Does this mean, then, that there can be no such thing as a theory of literature?

   • 1998, Elizabeth Souritz, The Great History of Russian Ballet:

     Lopukhov wrote a number of books and articles on ballet theory, as well as his memoirs.

4. (mathematics) A field of study attempting to exhaustively describe a particular class of constructs. [from 18th c.]

   Knot theory classifies the mappings of a circle into 3-space.

5. A hypothesis or conjecture. [from 18th c.]
   • 1999, Wes DeMott, Vapors:

     It's just a theory I have, and I wonder if women would agree. But don't men say a lot about themselves when a short-skirted woman slides out of a car or chair?

   • 2003, Sean Coughlan, The Guardian, 21 Jun 2003:

     The theory is that by stripping costs to the bone, they are able to offer ludicrously low fares.

6. (countable) (logic) A set of axioms together with all statements derivable from them. Equivalently, a formal language plus a set of axioms (from which can then be derived theorems).

   A theory is consistent if it has a model.

使用する際の注意点

In scientific discourse, the sense “unproven conjecture” is discouraged (with hypothesis または conjecture preferred), due to unintentional ambiguity and intentional equivocation with the sense “well-developed statement or structure”.

同意語

• See also Wikisaurus:supposition

Holonyms

• (in logic): formal system

Meronyms

• (in logic): axioms

派生語

terms derived from theory

acoustic theory algorithmic information theory antenna theory atomic theory catastrophe theory category theory cell theory chaos theory circuit theory complexity theory computation theory control theory critical theory decision theory

domino theory extreme value theory game theory giant impact theory graph theory group theory in theory information theory kinetic theory of gases knot theory literary theory music theory number theory phlogiston theory

probability theory proof theory quantum field theory rational choice theory set theory signal theory social theory systems theory theory of gravity theory of relativity theory of truth Theory X Theory Y type theory value theory virtue theory

関連する語

• theorem
• theoretical
• theorise, theorize

参考

• axiom
• postulate
• proposition

ウィキペディア英語版

Theory

出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/06/08 21:46 UTC 版)

英語による解説

ウィキペディア英語版からの引用

引用

Originally the word theory is a technical term from Ancient Greek. It is derived from theoria, θεωρία, meaning "a looking at, viewing, beholding", and refers to contemplation or speculation, as opposed to action. Theory is especially often contrasted to "practice" (Greek praxis, πρᾶξις) an Aristotelian concept which is used in a broad way to refer to any thing done for the sake of any action, in contrast with theory, which is not. "Theoria" is also a word still used in theological contexts.