Reindeerとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”) and French renne (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced 古期英語 hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɹeɪndɪə/
• (Standard Southern British) IPA: /ˈɹɛjndɪː/, /ˈɹɛjndɪjə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/
• (Australia) IPA: /ˈɹæɪndɪə/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈɹæɪndiə/
• (Scotland) IPA: /ˈɾendiɾ/
• (Wales, without the pane–pain merger) IPA: /ˈɾeindiːə/
• 韻: -eɪndɪə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: rein‧deer

名詞

reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)

1. (plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.

   Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by nine reindeer

   • 1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:

     Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.

   • 1832, Charles Lyell, chapter VI, in Principles of Geology: Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface, by Reference to Causes Now in Operation, volume II, London: John Murray, →OCLC, page 94:

     The rein-deer, which in Scandinavia can scarcely exist to the south of the sixty-fifth parallel, descends, in consequence of the greater coldness of the climate, to the fiftieth degree, in Chinese Tartary, and often roves into a country of more southern latitude than any part of England.

   • 1958 December, M. D. Greville and H. A. Vallance, “Sweden's Inland Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 829:

     Herds of wandering reindeer are frequently seen, and may even hold up the train while they cross the unfenced line to reach their feeding grounds.

   • 2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist‎, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 13 April 2016, page 98:

     Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.

2. (plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.

下位語

• caribou

派生語

動詞

reindeer (third-person singular simple present reindeers, present participle reindeering, simple past and past participle reindeered)

1. To herd or farm reindeer

Further reading

• reindeer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia